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Oceanography in 2025 Proceedings of a Workshop (2009) / Chapter Skim
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Science Strategies for the Arctic Ocean--Mary-Louise Timmermans
Pages 104-106

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Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.


From page 104...
... The rapid loss of permanent sea ice suggests emphasis is needed on sustained, uninterrupted Arctic observations and focused analyses to understand and predict Arctic change on seasonal, interannual, and decadal time scales. Some research suggests atmospheric circulation, rising global temperatures and ice-albedo feedbacks will lead to ice-free summers in the Arctic Ocean in as little as 10 years from now, while other studies indicate that strong natural variability of the Arctic system will inhibit further loss of summer sea ice.
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From page 105...
... For example, in the coming years velocity sensors will be incorporated on ocean profiling IBOs to provide the capability of measuring deep ocean features such as internal waves and eddies, as well as smaller-scale flows, and thus heat transport, in the ocean beneath the ice (surface ocean velocity measurements are already being made by the Naval Postgraduate School's [NPS] Autonomous Ocean Flux Buoys)
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From page 106...
... In addition to developing sensor technologies, modifications to IBOs will be required if existing measurement techniques are disrupted by the emerging changes in sea ice; these adaptations would include increased floatation, enhanced buoy design for survival over freeze-up and variable under-ice tether lengths. Additional shelf observatories based on autonomous vehicles and bottom-mounted instruments will be employed to investigate shallow shelf regions where sea ice is seasonal, and where winter ice cover destroys conventional instrumentation.
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Key Terms

  • sea ice
  • fresh water
  • ice zone
  • seasonal ice
  • ice cover

  • decadal time
  • autonomous vehicles
  • atmospheric circulation
  • natural variability
  • ocean internal

  • surface ocean
  • permanent sea
  • uninterrupted arctic
  • central arctic
  • deep arctic

  • arctic observations
  • predict arctic
  • ocean flux
  • upper arctic
  • ocean circulation

  • arctic researchers
  • ocean beneath
  • ocean play
  • fresher ocean
  • ice suggests

  • arctic oscillation
  • ocean features
  • arctic observing
  • arctic change
  • arctic basin


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