Sixteenth Interim Report of the Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (2009) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
Sixteenth Interim Report of the Committee onAcute Exposure Guideline Levels
Sixteenth Interim Report of the Committee onAcute Exposure Guideline Levels
Pages 1-37
The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.
From page 1... ...
, nerve agent VX, propargyl alcohol, selenium hexafluoride, sulfur dioxide, sulfuryl chloride, 4 AEGL values for these eight metal phosphides were published with phosphine as an appendix in Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals, Volume 6. The committee's comments on these chemicals are included for the record in this document.
|
From page 2... ...
The report also summarizes the committee's conclusions and recommendations for improving the Standing Operating Procedures for Developing Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances published in 2001. BROMINE PENTAFLUORIDE At its meeting held on May 12-14, 2008, the committee reviewed the AEGL technical support document (TSD)
|
From page 3... ...
." Change "can be" to "were." Page 12, line 41: "application of a modifying factor of 2 might be considered." Change "might be" to "was." BROMINE TRIFLUORIDE At its meeting held on May 12-14, 2008, the committee reviewed the AEGL technical support document (TSD) on bromine trifluoride (BrF3)
|
From page 4... ...
Page 4, lines 22: The text states, "Time scaling was not applied to the AEGL-1 as adaptation to slight sensory irritation occurs. Therefore, the calculated value of 0.12 ppm was used for all BrF3 AEGL1 time points." Rhinorrhea and lacrimation are not signs of sensory irritations.
|
From page 5... ...
:158-159. CHLORINE PENTAFLUORIDE At its meeting held on May 12-14, 2008, the committee reviewed the AEGL technical support document (TSD)
|
From page 6... ...
We recommend reformulating the statement to read, "should be protective of sensitive individuals" because AEGLs by definition account for sensitive individuals. Also, the TSD states "For chemicals with similar actions such as HF and ClF3, interspecies and intraspecies uncertainty factors of 3 each for a total of 10 were shown to be protective of sensitive individuals.
|
From page 7... ...
2007. Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals, Vol.
|
From page 8... ...
Please check those values for accuracy. Page 9, lines 1-2: The text states, "The fumes, reported to be 4.7 ppm chloroacetone, produced immediate lacrimation and eye and upper respiratory tract irritation." The combination of the effects described here is likely to impair the ability to escape; that is, they reach the quality of AEGL-2 effects.
|
From page 9... ...
:12-17. HEXAFLUOROACETONE At its meeting held on May 12-14, 2008, the committee reviewed the AEGL technical support document (TSD)
|
From page 10... ...
2001. Standing Operating Procedures for Developing Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Chemicals.
|
From page 11... ...
The differences are so insignificant in relation to scrubbing potential that effectively there would be no significant difference in scrubbing potential in the upper respiratory tract. See comment, page 11, lines 30-32.
|
From page 12... ...
The text states, "A modifying factor of 3 was applied to account for the sparse database of effects defined by AEGL-2, and because the effects observed at the concentration used to derive AEGL-2 values were somewhat severe." Justification needs to be provided for the use of an uncertainty factor of 3, instead of a default value of 10. Page 18, lines 37- 39: The text states, "An uncertainty factor of 3 was applied for intraspecies extrapolation because the mechanism of action is direct irritation and the subsequent effect or response is not expected to vary greatly among individuals (NRC 2001)
|
From page 13... ...
2001. Standing Operating Procedures for Developing Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Chemicals.
|
From page 14... ...
Comments on Dudley and Miller Studies Because the Dudley and Miller (1937, 1941) were not used in the determination of AEGL values, the discussion of their work should be reduced somewhat in the document, otherwise their work appears to carry substantial weight because of the amount of space devoted to it.
|
From page 15... ...
, the URL should be provided to improve ease of access. In the reference list, provide URLs for the ATSDR toxicological profile, California-EPA acute RELs, the IPCS EHCs, NIOSH IDLHs and Pocket Guide, NTP bioassays, OSHA standards, and EPA IRIS.
|
From page 16... ...
:278-290. METAL PHOSPHIDES At its meeting held on May 12-14, 2008, the committee reviewed AEGLs technical support documents (TSD)
|
From page 17... ...
For this reason, AEGL values for the eight metal phosphides were published with phosphine as an appendix in Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals, Volume 6 (NRC 2008)
|
From page 18... ...
NERVE AGENT VX AEGL values for nerve agent VX were published in Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals, Volume 3 (NRC 2003) , but more recent information regarding this chemical has become available (see Benton et al.
|
From page 19... ...
2003. Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals, Vol.
|
From page 20... ...
adult female rats: conducted miosis 2006a 10 min: 0.007mg/m3 study with data 1 h: 0.002 mg/m3 VX 4 h: 0.001 mg/m3 0.0072 0.0042 0.0029 0.0015 0.0010 Relative potency 1: human data 10: Some individuals 3: sparse 2: GB NRC 2003 to GB (GB POD was possess abnormally VX database lethality miosis, dyspnea, low levels of blood and miosis 20 RBC-ChE inhibition, cholinesterase and data) SFEMG changes in carboxyesterase human volunteers)
|
From page 21... ...
10 min: 3.24 mg/m3 conducted rat lethality 2006b 1 h: 0.525 mg/m3 study with data 4 h: 0.123 mg/m3 VX Abbreviations: ChE, Cholinesterase; GB, nerve agent GB; LC01, concentration of a substance that is lethal to 1% of test organisms in a given time; n, in the equation Cn × t = k; POD, point of departure; RBC, red blood cells; SFEMG, single fiber electromyography; UF, uncertainty factor; Source: Robert Benson, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2008, unpublished material.
|
From page 22... ...
The proposed AEGL values and their derivation appear appropriate given the database. Time scaling also appears appropriate.
|
From page 23... ...
18, line 40) that "These studies … do not provide definitive data for a single acute exposure to propargyl alcohol." That statement may be true for histopathologic effects, but, at least in the case of the Zissu (1995)
|
From page 24... ...
For exposure limits and guidelines, ensure that the citation clearly is either to the value or to the documentation. In this reference list, the more recent versions of the secondary sources used are the following: ACGIH, 2007.
|
From page 25... ...
2001. Standing Operating Procedures for Developing Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Chemicals.
|
From page 26... ...
would be particularly sensitive to selenium hexafluoride. The interim AEGL values and their derivation appear appropriate given the very sparse database.
|
From page 27... ...
, the URL should be provided to improve ease of access for the end user with either an index page for a collection of documents or the specific page for the referenced document, along with the date accessed. The index page URLs listed below should be used and updated as appropriate, as the addresses of some web sites are changed periodically.
|
From page 28... ...
Occupational Safety and Health Standards in Title 29 of the CFR are at http://www.osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owasrch.search_ form? Page_doc_type=STANDARDS&Page_toc_level=0 If there is a citation of a common secondary source, check a recently updated version, verify the information being referenced there, and cite the most recent version that contains the material to be referenced.
|
From page 29... ...
on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances provided additional supporting information and applied time scaling to the derivation. The committee reviewed the NAC's proposed modifications to the SO2 TSD.
|
From page 30... ...
even though the point of departure may be based on data from an individual isomer, the resulting AEGL values are considered applicable to all three TMB isomers…. The most appropriate animal data for derivation of AEGL-1 are the neurotoxicity studies....
|
From page 31... ...
subchronic exposure studies or not? If they are, can they be considered a proper starting point for acute exposure guidelines levels?
|
From page 32... ...
Amsterdam: Elsevier. VINYL CHLORIDE At its meeting held on May 12-14, 2008, the committee reviewed the AEGL technical support document (TSD)
|
From page 33... ...
The TSD should provide a very clear discussion of the cancer-risk conclusions. These AEGL values appear to be very conservative and could pose problems for the users of this document.
|
From page 34... ...
developed the guidelines document Standing Operating Procedures of the National Advisory Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances (referred to as the SOP) , which documents the procedures, methods, criteria, and other guidelines used by NAC in the development of AEGL values.
|
From page 35... ...
Repeated-dose studies: Provide guidance on how to incorporate data from repeated-dose studies for AEGL development, both to support acute single-dose studies and for cases in which only repeateddose studies are available. Sensory irritants: AEGL values should remain constant across time for cases in which sensory irritation is the effect, as specified in the SOP on p.
|
From page 36... ...
The measurements might have to be converted before combining if they are not reported in the same units. Precision of calculations: Provide guidance on the impact of UFs and modifying factors on the precision needed in deriving AEGL values.
|
From page 37... ...
2001. Standing Operating Procedures for Developing Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Chemicals.
|
Key Terms
This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More
information on Chapter Skim is available.