The National Academies Press

Currently Skimming:

Index
Pages 219-232

The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.

From page 219... ... , 48, 49, 50, 99, 118, 119, 120, 121, 125 53, 93, 158, 167 screening and testing for, 47-51, 160, Alaska, 120-121, 122-123. See also 161, 163, 165 American Indians and Alaska Natives surveillance, 29, 44, 47-51, 59, 64, 67, Alcohol consumption, 5, 14, 29, 30, 48, 84, 71 93, 148, 155, 168, 169, 181 Adolescents and young adults, 7, 11, 23, Alternative-care providers, educational 25, 31, 44, 68, 71, 93, 98, 100, 110, programs for, 86, 87, 89 112, 127, 131, 134, 191 American Academy of Pediatrics, 111 Adult Hepatitis B Vaccine Initiative, 129 American Association for the Study of Liver Adult viral-hepatitis prevention coordinators Diseases (AASLD) Read the entire page →
From page 220... ... , 2 Incarcerated populations; Men who Adult Hepatitis B Vaccine Initiative, 129 have sex with men; Pregnant women case definitions for hepatitis B and C, access to services, 3, 56, 79 48-49, 50, 52-53, 54, 55, 68 defined, 27, 86, 156 Division of Viral Hepatitis, 150-151 education programs, 4, 14, 85-86, 92- educational programs, 4, 8-9, 86, 87, 93, 95-96, 97, 98-100 97, 96 health service provider knowledge of, Emerging Infections Program, 43, 58, 59 80, 81-84, 89 Epidemiologic Surveillance Project, 60 immunization, 4, 9, 10-11, 27, 81, 93, estimates of hepatitis burden, 25, 26, 27, 113, 120-125 62, 120, 182, 189 knowledge and awareness of hepatitis, 3, National Immunization Program, 126 4, 8, 9, 34, 89-91, 93-96 NEDSS, 61 prevalence and incidence of hepatitis, NETSS, 60-61, 64 62, 81 partner services guidelines, 63 recommendations, 16-17 PHIN-compliant systems, 64, 70 screening and testing, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, prevention and control recommendations 11, 13-14, 16, 27, 71-72, 85, 86, 97, of, 30 124-125, 148, 153, 155, 156-159, resource allocation for services, 5-6, 14, 15, 161, 173 16-17, 26, 42, 54, 126-127, 148-150, 151, 152, 153, 175, 183, 186, 192 Read the entire page →
From page 221... ... See also Partner services Central nervous system demyelinating education of, 97, 98 disorders, 32 vaccination, 54, 57-58, 62, 93, 117, Chicago, 28, 116, 121 119-120 Childhood Immunization Initiative, 126 Correctional facilities. See also Incarcerated Children populations asymptomatic infections, 47 educational programs on viral hepatitis, HBV, 23, 25, 30, 47, 116-117, 128-132 88-89, 99-100 HCV, 51 recommendations, 16 information systems on, 127-128 viral hepatitis services, 6, 13, 14, 16, progression of infection in, 46, 117, 118 149, 184-186 vaccination, 4, 9, 10, 25, 30, 93, 97, 110, Counseling, 5, 14, 31, 62, 63, 84, 85, 87, 111, 112, 116-117, 128-132, 134 95, 124, 134, 148, 151, 152, 157, Children's Health Insurance Program 160, 163, 168, 171, 172, 177, 179, (CHIP) Read the entire page →
From page 222... ... See also Asians for at-risk populations, 4, 14, 85-86, 92- and Pacific Islanders; Hispanics 93, 95-96, 97, 98-100, 153-154 access to care, 56 CDC initiatives, 4, 8-9, 86, 87, 96, 97 culturally appropriate programs, 13, 56, contacts, 97, 98 173-174, 183-184 content, 86-87 educational outreach to, 9, 90, 91-92, continuing medical education, 87 97, 98-99, 101, 174-175 educational programs, 4, 8-9, 86, 87, exposure routes, 120 96, 97 geographic regions of endemicity, 81-82 evaluation of, 97 HBV, 1-2, 8, 13, 14, 23, 27, 81-82, 89 funding, 99, 152 90, 91-92 for general population, 4, 96, 97, 98, health disparity, 27 99, 153 incidence and prevalence of HBV, 8, 27, goals, 9, 97 79, 86, 93 for health-care and social service knowledge and awareness of risks to, 13, workers, 4, 8-9, 58, 82, 84-88 79, 81-82, 86, 87, 89-90, 173-174 integration into other programs, 9, 92, liver cancer and cirrhosis, 29 95-96, 98 recommendations, 14, 175 linguistically and culturally appropriate, screening and testing, 5, 13, 14, 90, 91, 9, 87, 90, 92, 93, 97, 98-99, 101, 148, 153-154, 155, 156, 161-162, 153, 183 173 outreach component, 96, 97, 98-99, 100 vaccination, 5, 10, 13, 14, 90, 91, 92 peer education, 95, 100 93, 116, 117-118, 120, 132, 148, in perinatal facilities, 99-101 157, 161-162 recommendations, 4, 8-9, 85-89, 96-101 viral hepatitis services for, 5, 13-14, 148, safety precautions and procedures, 88 173-175 on screening and testing, 9, 58, 98 Funding vaccination, 8, 9, 97, 101 education, 99, 152 Electronic medical records, 7, 50, 51, 60, surveillance, 3, 7, 42, 57, 58-59, 63, 65, 65, 68, 69, 70 66, 67, 71, 129 Egyptian immigrants, 24, 159 vaccination, 57, 118, 120, 129, 134 Read the entire page →
From page 223... ... , 126 medical management, 82, 90, 166-167 Healthcare Systems Bureau, 152 men who have sex with men, 91 Hemodialysis, 21, 22, 24, 44, 93, 113, 156, mistrust of vaccination, 127-128 158, 162 progression of infection and clinical Hepatitis A, 30, 48, 49, 50, 57, 58, 137, outcomes, 22, 23, 25, 29, 46; see 150-151, 189, 190 also Liver cancer and liver cirrhosis Hepatitis B See also Vaccination for public vaccine programs and insurance, Hepatitis B; specific populations and 128-132 services racial/ethnic differences, 27, 29 acute infection, 1, 19, 23, 27, 34, 48, reactivation, 162 50, 59, 70-71, 99, 117, 118, 119, registries of immunization, 126-127 120, 121, 125, 161, 189 risk factors, 27 adults, 27, 47, 117-125, 132 screening and testing, 5, 8, 13, 14, 23, at-risk populations, 1-2, 21-22, 27, 81 27, 47, 48-49, 51, 81, 82-83, 86, 90, 82, 120-125 91, 124-125, 152, 156-157, 160-162 case definition, 48, 50, 51, 52 stigma/discrimination, 23, 91-92 causative agent, 19, 21 surveillance, 44, 46, 47, 48, 50, 51, 52, children, 23, 25, 30, 47, 116-117, 59-60, 61, 64, 71 128-132 Read the entire page →
From page 224... ... See also specific populations HBV vaccination, 93, 113, 120, 124, 129 and services acute infection, 19, 28, 29, 34, 47, 49, mortality, 20, 45 51, 71, 136, 137, 163, 165 partner services, 63, 72 adults, 51 Prevention for Positives initiatives, 95 at-risk populations, 21-22, 28, 93-101, public awareness campaign, 98 158 screening and testing, 120, 156, 162 case definition, 49, 50, 53, 68 surveillance, 59, 61, 62, 63, 64, 66, 67, causative agent, 19, 21, 137 72 children, 51 HIV/AIDS Bureau, 152 chronic infection, 17, 22, 34, 51-52, 59, Homeless people, 56, 62, 71, 152, 154-155, 64, 136-138 187, 188, 191 economic issues, 25, 26, 137-138 education programs, 84-85, 95-96 I exposure routes, 2, 5, 21, 24, 26, 28, 44, 84 Illicit-drug users, injection drug users. See health-care provider knowledge, 83-85 also Drug treatment programs and in HIV-infected people, 30 facilities knowledge and awareness, 83-85, 93-96 access to health services, 2, 24, 29, 56, medical management, 167-169 85, 176 mortality, 20, 23, 26, 34, 45 acute infections, 120, 137, 189 prevalence and incidence, 21, 22-23, 24, contact notification, 63, 72, 86 26, 28-29, 137, 138 education programs, 95-96, 97, 154, prevention, 5, 24, 79, 136-138, 196-187 179 progression of infection and clinical gaps in services for, 175-181 outcomes, 22, 24, 29-30, 47, 84; see HBV, 1, 14, 23, 61-62, 82, 83, 120-121, also Liver cancer and liver cirrhosis 122-123, 176 racial/ethnic differences, 29-30, 168-169 HCV, 2, 5, 8, 14-15, 24, 28-29, 61, 62, risk factors, 29-30, 84 83, 84, 86, 93-94, 95-96, 136-137, screening and testing, 5, 8, 28, 51-52, 148, 158, 175-176 53-54, 62, 68, 84, 85, 86, 93-94, health-care use, 14, 176 152, 157-159, 162-165 high-risk period, 14-15 spontaneous resolution, 51, 136 knowledge and awareness of risks to, stigma/discrimination, 24, 85, 94-95 82, 83, 86, 94, 95-96 surveillance, 28, 44, 45, 47, 49, 51-52, needle-exchange/safe injection programs, 53-54, 59-60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 71 5, 9, 14, 28, 80, 88-89, 94, 97, 100, vaccine development, 2, 5, 24, 136-138 120-121, 148, 155, 166, 177, 180 Hepatitis C Continuity Program, 185-186 prevalence and incidence of infection, Hepatitis D, 30 14, 27, 61-62, 82, 96, 120, 176 Hepatitis E, 30 recommendations, 15, 179-181 Hepatocellular carcinoma. Read the entire page →
From page 225... ... See Illicit-drug users education programs, 5, 8, 9, 99-100 Iowa, 95 HBV, 16, 27, 62, 83, 90-91, 121-124, Italy, 163 184 HCV, 8, 16, 28, 62, 83, 86, 100, 184 J knowledge and awareness of risks to, 83, 86, 90-91 Jade Ribbon Campaign, 92, 153-154 prevalence and incidence of infection, 121, 184 racial/ethnic differences, 184-185 K recommendations, 186 screening and testing, 16, 156-157, 185 Knowledge and awareness of chronic size of, 62, 99 hepatitis. See also Educational surveillance, 62 programs vaccination, 121-124, 157, 185 age and, 93 viral health services, 6, 16, 149, 184-186 asymptomatic infected individuals, 1, 3, Incidence of hepatitis. Read the entire page →
From page 226... ... , 61 172 National Electronic Telecommunications Early Periodic Screening, Diagnosis, and System for Surveillance (NETSS) , Treatment, 11, 130-131, 134 60-61, 64 Medical management of hepatitis, 3, 5, National Health and Nutrition Examination 166-170 Survey, 62 access to, 56, 79, 130, 183 National HIV Behavioral Surveillance antiviral therapy, 6, 15, 24, 79, 86, 149, System, 62, 72 184 Read the entire page →
From page 227... ... See also Perinatal New Jersey Academy of Family Physicians, infections 82, 83 antiviral therapy, 6, 15, 149, 184 New York City, 28, 58, 85, 90, 92, 120- case management, 70, 149, 182 121, 122, 173, 186, 190 education, 97, 100-101 New York state, 58, 185-186 educational programs on viral hepatitis, Nosocomial infections, 24, 67, 87, 88 9, 99-100 foreign-born women, 23, 182-183 HBV, 6, 15, 23, 25, 82-84, 90, 149, O 182-183 HCV, 83-84 Occupational Safety and Health household contacts and sexual partners, Administration, 88 54, 182 Office of Management and Budget, 129 knowledge and awareness of risks to, Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 82-84 1993, 128-129 lamivudine prophylaxis, 162, 170, 183 Optic neuritis, 32 medical management, 6, 15, 149, Oregon, 58 182-183 Outbreak recommendations, 15-16, 184 detection and control, 48, 67, 70 screening and testing, 15, 25, 54-56, prevention, 88 69, 82-83, 84, 111, 120, 149, 162, 181-182 surveillance, 54, 69, 70, 182 P vaccination, 4, 10, 54, 111-116, 129, 131, 132, 182 Partner services viral hepatitis services, 15, 149, 181-184 CDC guidelines, 63 Prevalence and incidence of hepatitis contact notification, 9, 15, 63 accuracy of estimates, 50-51, 56, 57, 66, cost-effectiveness, 63 70-71 funding, 72 acute infections, 1, 50, 70-71, 99, 118, screening and testing, 48, 82, 86, 98, 119, 120, 121, 125 100, 154, 162 APIs, 1-2, 23, 27, 29, 81-82, 83, surveillance, 48, 62-63, 68, 72 93, 117-118, 153-154, 161, 183, vaccination, 54, 57-58, 62, 93, 113, 184-185 117, 119-120 at-risk populations, 62, 81 Perinatal hepatitis B coordinators, 15, 54, 152 CDC estimates, 25, 26, 27, 62, 120, Perinatal infections. See also Pregnant 182, 189 women chronic infections, 1, 34, 121 educational programs on, 99-101 definitions, 7 n.1 HBV, 46, 111-116, 152 immigration and, 2 immunization, 9, 54-55, 111-116 knowledge and awareness of, 8, 79, 80, knowledge and awareness, 82-83, 81, 83, 89, 153-154 100-101 Read the entire page →
From page 228... ... , 7, 61, 64, 65, 70 Safety precautions and procedures, 88 San Diego, 134, 170, 189-190 R San Francisco, 58, 81, 120, 121, 122-123, Race/ethnicity 173, 174, 182 and knowledge and awareness of Schistosomiasis-eradication campaign, 24 hepatitis, 93 Scotland, 122-123 vaccination disparities, 10, 116-117, 121 Screening and testing Racial and Ethnic Approaches to access to, 3 Community Health (REACH) 2010, acute infections, 47-51, 160, 161, 163, 93 165 Recommendations antigens and antibodies used for, 160, at-risk populations, 14, 15, 16-17, 175, 161 179-181, 184, 186 at-risk populations, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 11, committee approach, 32 13-14, 16, 27, 71-72, 91-92, 97, community health centers, 188-189 120, 124-125, 148, 152, 153-154, education programs, 4, 8-9, 85-89, 156-157, 158-159, 161-162, 173 96-101 barriers to, 124-125 insurance coverage, 11-12, 172-173 CDC recommendations, 82-83, 84, 156 integrated services, 192 157, 159, 183 outcomes of implementing, 17, 34 community-based programs, 5, 13 screening and testing, 4, 6, 13, 16, 148 confirmatory tests, 162-163 vaccination, 4-5, 9-12, 93, 114, 117, contacts/partners, 48, 82, 86, 98, 100, 125, 127, 135, 136, 138 154, 162 Read the entire page →
From page 229... ... See also Substance 84, 85, 86, 93-94, 152, 157-159, abuse services and providers 162-165 educational programs, 88-89 importance, 23 knowledge and awareness of hepatitis, insurance coverage, 13, 148, 171 80-89 interpretation of results, 94, 160-161, Society of General Internal Medicine, 82 162, 164-165 South Dakota, 116 knowledge and awareness of methods, 5, Southeast Asian immigrants, 24, 79, 82, 183 8, 9, 79, 80, 82-83, 84, 90 Standardization of data, 69 laws, 83 State and territorial health departments nucleic acid testing, 49, 53-54, 68, 159, case followup, 55 163, 164-165 cooperative agreements with CDC, 4, 7, pregnant women, 15, 25, 54-56, 69, 82- 42, 54, 57, 64-66, 67 83, 84, 111, 120, 149, 162 funding, 152 recombinant immunoblot assay, 49, 53, surveillance role, 4, 6, 7 163, 164-165 STD/HIV clinics, 87, 189-190 recommendations, 4, 6, 13, 16, 148 Stigmatization and discrimination, 8, 9, 23, referral for medical management, 5, 6, 24, 56, 85, 87, 89, 91-92, 94-95, 97, 14, 15, 31, 56, 62-63, 70, 72, 83, 98, 170, 174 120-121, 148, 149, 153, 166, 170, Study to Reduce Intravenous Exposures 171, 177, 181, 182, 183, 189 (STRIVE) , 95 reporting test results, 4, 6, 7, 41-56, 58, Sub-Saharan African immigrants, 23, 79, 59-61, 65, 66, 67, 68-69 82, 90 resource allocation, 3, 17, 45 Substance Abuse and Mental Health resources available for, 49, 54, 56, 57-58 Services Administration (SAMHSA) Read the entire page →
From page 230... ... 0 INDEX automated data collection, 7, 51, 56, 60, serologic testing, 4, 6, 7, 47, 51, 53-54, 65, 68-70 68, 71, 159-165 AVHPC surveys, 42-43, 54, 55, 57, 58, standardization issues, 6, 7, 41, 56, 61, 59, 61, 64, 70 64, 65, 66-67, 68, 69, 70 case definitions, 7, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, state-CDC cooperative agreements, 4, 7, 53, 54, 55, 65, 68, 69 42, 54, 57, 64-66, 67 case management uses, 43, 45-46, 57- targeted, 43, 66, 71-72 58, 62-63, 65, 68, 70, 72 underreporting/misclassification of CDC initiatives, 4, 6, 7-8, 42-43, 44, 45, infections, 3, 27, 34, 47, 50, 60, 62, 50, 57, 58, 59-61, 63, 64, 65-66, 67, 70-71 68, 69, 70-71, 150 vaccinations, 59, 72, 111 challenges, 29, 47-54, 56, 60 chronic infections, 25, 44, 51-54, 59, 64, T 67, 71 committee charge and approach, 31-32, Tattooing and piercing, 99, 158-159 41-42 Transverse myelitis, 32 confidentiality safeguards, 43-44, 65 Travelers, 22, 93, 113, 117, 156 core activities, 4, 6, 7, 43, 66, 67, 68 Tuberculosis, 20, 26, 45, 61, 150, 151, 186 current system, 3, 25, 34, 41-42 design of programs, 6, 59 disease-specific issues, 46-56 u electronic medical records, 7, 50, 51, 60, 65, 68, 69, 70 United Kingdom, 162 enhanced projects, 58, 62, 71-72 US Preventive Services Task Force, 82-83, evaluation of systems, 63-64, 66, 69, 70 159, 181 funding, 3, 7, 42, 57, 58-59, 63, 65, 66, US Public Health Service, 132, 150, 159, 190 67, 71, 129 identifying infections, 4, 6, 41-56, 69 v infrastructure and process-specific issues, 57-66, 67, 70 Vaccines and vaccination, HBV jurisdictional issues, 56, 57, 60, 65-66 accessibility, 120-121, 124, 128, 129, and knowledge and awareness of 134, 135 heptatitis, 45 ACIP recommendations, 4, 9-10, 11, 55, liver cancer and cirrhosis, 67, 72 83, 88, 93, 100, 110-115, 116, 125, model programs, 43, 65, 66-72 127, 132, 133, 134, 181 outbreak detection and control uses, 44, adults, 11, 32, 93, 110, 111, 113, 116, 48, 67, 70 117-125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 132, partners of infected people, 48, 62-63, 134 68, 72 at-risk populations, 4, 9, 10-11, 27, 81, perinatal infections, 54-56 93, 113, 117-125 PHIN-compliant systems, 7, 61, 64, 65, barriers to, 8, 10, 11-12, 118, 120, 124 70 125, 127-136 pregnant women, 54, 69, 70, 182 CDC recommendations and programs, programmatic design and evaluation 12, 110-111, 124-125, 126, 128-129, uses, 3, 41, 45, 57, 67 134, 136, 153, 157 quality of data, 50, 57, 64, 66, 67, 71, children and adolescents, 4, 9, 10, 25, 79, 94 30, 93, 97, 110, 111, 112, 116-117, recommendations, 4, 6-7, 43, 63-66 126, 127, 128-132, 134 reporting systems and requirements, 7, cost-effectiveness, 54, 57-58, 117-119, 48, 51, 58, 59-61, 65, 66, 67, 68-69 124, 137-138, 162 resource allocation uses, 3, 17, 45 Read the entire page →
From page 231... ... See also Counseling; identifying at-risk adults for, 124-125 Educational programs; Medical illicit-drug users, 14, 93, 120-121, 122- management of hepatitis; Screening 123, 124, 129 and testing; Vaccines and vaccination immunization-information systems, 5, access to, 2, 3, 34, 56, 79, 151, 169, 170 11, 72, 126-127 adult viral-hepatitis prevention incarcerated people, 11, 113, 121-124, coordinators, 42-43, 57, 59, 61, 64, 125 70, 152-153 incentives, 121 adults, 3, 5, 6, 13, 16-17, 56, 79, 149, infants, 4, 9-10, 25, 54-55, 75, 93, 97, 189-192 110, 111-116, 120, 173, 182 case management, 45-46, 57-58, 62-63, institutionalized developmentally 70, 72, 149, 170 disabled people, 93, 124 CDC allocations for, 5-6, 14, 15, 16-17, insurance coverage, 5, 11-12, 128-132, 26, 42, 54, 126-127, 148-150, 151, 135 152, 153, 175, 183, 186, 192 liver cancer prevention, 109 community-based approaches, 5, 6, 13, liver transplants and, 110 14, 16, 148, 149, 174-175, 186-188 mandatory, 116-117, 134, 153 core components, 5, 12, 13, 148, 153, mistrust of, 8, 127-128 154-157 partners and household members (ring current status, 148-154 vaccination) , 54, 57-58, 62, 93, 117, design and evaluation of programs, 3, 119-120, 162 41, 45, 57, 67 payment for, 57, 128-135, 152, 153 foreign-born people, 5, 12, 13-14, 16, perinatal, 4, 10, 54, 111-116, 129, 131, 92, 148, 173-175 132 funding (public) Read the entire page →
From page 232... ... INDEX incarcerated populations, 6, 13, 16, 149, shelter-based programs, 6, 13, 16-17, 184-186 149, 189, 191, 192 integrated approach, 14, 16-17, 149, social support, 3 171-172, 179, 180-181, 189-192 at STD/HIV clinics, 6, 13, 14, 16-17, 54, knowledge and awareness of, 91 86, 87, 119-120, 124, 125, 129, 134, mobile health units, 6, 13, 16-17, 120- 149, 151, 170, 171, 176, 189-190, 121, 122, 149, 189, 191-192 191, 192 model programs, 33, 152, 157, 170, Viral Hepatitis Surveillance Emerging 171-172 Infections Program, 58 nongovernmental organizations, Vitamin K prophylaxis, 115 153-154 pregnant women, 5-6, 13, 15, 54, 70, W 149, 181-184 prevention, 3, 5, 12, 15, 166, 177-179, Washington State Basic Health Insurance 183-184; see also Vaccines and Plan, 171 vaccination Whites, 2, 10, 27, 30, 33, 81, 116, 168, program venues for high-risk groups, 13, 169, 184-185 176-177 World Health Organization, 23, 30, 115 recommendations, 5-6, 12-17, 148-149, Collaborating Center for Reference and 172-173, 179-181, 192 Research on Viral Hepatitis, 151 Read the entire page →

From page 219...

... , 48, 49, 50, 99, 118, 119, 120, 121, 125 53, 93, 158, 167 screening and testing for, 47-51, 160, Alaska, 120-121, 122-123. See also 161, 163, 165 American Indians and Alaska Natives surveillance, 29, 44, 47-51, 59, 64, 67, Alcohol consumption, 5, 14, 29, 30, 48, 84, 71 93, 148, 155, 168, 169, 181 Adolescents and young adults, 7, 11, 23, Alternative-care providers, educational 25, 31, 44, 68, 71, 93, 98, 100, 110, programs for, 86, 87, 89 112, 127, 131, 134, 191 American Academy of Pediatrics, 111 Adult Hepatitis B Vaccine Initiative, 129 American Association for the Study of Liver Adult viral-hepatitis prevention coordinators Diseases (AASLD)

Read the entire page →

From page 220...

... , 2 Incarcerated populations; Men who Adult Hepatitis B Vaccine Initiative, 129 have sex with men; Pregnant women case definitions for hepatitis B and C, access to services, 3, 56, 79 48-49, 50, 52-53, 54, 55, 68 defined, 27, 86, 156 Division of Viral Hepatitis, 150-151 education programs, 4, 14, 85-86, 92- educational programs, 4, 8-9, 86, 87, 93, 95-96, 97, 98-100 97, 96 health service provider knowledge of, Emerging Infections Program, 43, 58, 59 80, 81-84, 89 Epidemiologic Surveillance Project, 60 immunization, 4, 9, 10-11, 27, 81, 93, estimates of hepatitis burden, 25, 26, 27, 113, 120-125 62, 120, 182, 189 knowledge and awareness of hepatitis, 3, National Immunization Program, 126 4, 8, 9, 34, 89-91, 93-96 NEDSS, 61 prevalence and incidence of hepatitis, NETSS, 60-61, 64 62, 81 partner services guidelines, 63 recommendations, 16-17 PHIN-compliant systems, 64, 70 screening and testing, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, prevention and control recommendations 11, 13-14, 16, 27, 71-72, 85, 86, 97, of, 30 124-125, 148, 153, 155, 156-159, resource allocation for services, 5-6, 14, 15, 161, 173 16-17, 26, 42, 54, 126-127, 148-150, 151, 152, 153, 175, 183, 186, 192

Read the entire page →

From page 221...

... See also Partner services Central nervous system demyelinating education of, 97, 98 disorders, 32 vaccination, 54, 57-58, 62, 93, 117, Chicago, 28, 116, 121 119-120 Childhood Immunization Initiative, 126 Correctional facilities. See also Incarcerated Children populations asymptomatic infections, 47 educational programs on viral hepatitis, HBV, 23, 25, 30, 47, 116-117, 128-132 88-89, 99-100 HCV, 51 recommendations, 16 information systems on, 127-128 viral hepatitis services, 6, 13, 14, 16, progression of infection in, 46, 117, 118 149, 184-186 vaccination, 4, 9, 10, 25, 30, 93, 97, 110, Counseling, 5, 14, 31, 62, 63, 84, 85, 87, 111, 112, 116-117, 128-132, 134 95, 124, 134, 148, 151, 152, 157, Children's Health Insurance Program 160, 163, 168, 171, 172, 177, 179, (CHIP)

Read the entire page →

From page 222...

... See also Asians for at-risk populations, 4, 14, 85-86, 92- and Pacific Islanders; Hispanics 93, 95-96, 97, 98-100, 153-154 access to care, 56 CDC initiatives, 4, 8-9, 86, 87, 96, 97 culturally appropriate programs, 13, 56, contacts, 97, 98 173-174, 183-184 content, 86-87 educational outreach to, 9, 90, 91-92, continuing medical education, 87 97, 98-99, 101, 174-175 educational programs, 4, 8-9, 86, 87, exposure routes, 120 96, 97 geographic regions of endemicity, 81-82 evaluation of, 97 HBV, 1-2, 8, 13, 14, 23, 27, 81-82, 89 funding, 99, 152 90, 91-92 for general population, 4, 96, 97, 98, health disparity, 27 99, 153 incidence and prevalence of HBV, 8, 27, goals, 9, 97 79, 86, 93 for health-care and social service knowledge and awareness of risks to, 13, workers, 4, 8-9, 58, 82, 84-88 79, 81-82, 86, 87, 89-90, 173-174 integration into other programs, 9, 92, liver cancer and cirrhosis, 29 95-96, 98 recommendations, 14, 175 linguistically and culturally appropriate, screening and testing, 5, 13, 14, 90, 91, 9, 87, 90, 92, 93, 97, 98-99, 101, 148, 153-154, 155, 156, 161-162, 153, 183 173 outreach component, 96, 97, 98-99, 100 vaccination, 5, 10, 13, 14, 90, 91, 92 peer education, 95, 100 93, 116, 117-118, 120, 132, 148, in perinatal facilities, 99-101 157, 161-162 recommendations, 4, 8-9, 85-89, 96-101 viral hepatitis services for, 5, 13-14, 148, safety precautions and procedures, 88 173-175 on screening and testing, 9, 58, 98 Funding vaccination, 8, 9, 97, 101 education, 99, 152 Electronic medical records, 7, 50, 51, 60, surveillance, 3, 7, 42, 57, 58-59, 63, 65, 65, 68, 69, 70 66, 67, 71, 129 Egyptian immigrants, 24, 159 vaccination, 57, 118, 120, 129, 134

Read the entire page →

From page 223...

... , 126 medical management, 82, 90, 166-167 Healthcare Systems Bureau, 152 men who have sex with men, 91 Hemodialysis, 21, 22, 24, 44, 93, 113, 156, mistrust of vaccination, 127-128 158, 162 progression of infection and clinical Hepatitis A, 30, 48, 49, 50, 57, 58, 137, outcomes, 22, 23, 25, 29, 46; see 150-151, 189, 190 also Liver cancer and liver cirrhosis Hepatitis B See also Vaccination for public vaccine programs and insurance, Hepatitis B; specific populations and 128-132 services racial/ethnic differences, 27, 29 acute infection, 1, 19, 23, 27, 34, 48, reactivation, 162 50, 59, 70-71, 99, 117, 118, 119, registries of immunization, 126-127 120, 121, 125, 161, 189 risk factors, 27 adults, 27, 47, 117-125, 132 screening and testing, 5, 8, 13, 14, 23, at-risk populations, 1-2, 21-22, 27, 81 27, 47, 48-49, 51, 81, 82-83, 86, 90, 82, 120-125 91, 124-125, 152, 156-157, 160-162 case definition, 48, 50, 51, 52 stigma/discrimination, 23, 91-92 causative agent, 19, 21 surveillance, 44, 46, 47, 48, 50, 51, 52, children, 23, 25, 30, 47, 116-117, 59-60, 61, 64, 71 128-132

Read the entire page →

From page 224...

... See also specific populations HBV vaccination, 93, 113, 120, 124, 129 and services acute infection, 19, 28, 29, 34, 47, 49, mortality, 20, 45 51, 71, 136, 137, 163, 165 partner services, 63, 72 adults, 51 Prevention for Positives initiatives, 95 at-risk populations, 21-22, 28, 93-101, public awareness campaign, 98 158 screening and testing, 120, 156, 162 case definition, 49, 50, 53, 68 surveillance, 59, 61, 62, 63, 64, 66, 67, causative agent, 19, 21, 137 72 children, 51 HIV/AIDS Bureau, 152 chronic infection, 17, 22, 34, 51-52, 59, Homeless people, 56, 62, 71, 152, 154-155, 64, 136-138 187, 188, 191 economic issues, 25, 26, 137-138 education programs, 84-85, 95-96 I exposure routes, 2, 5, 21, 24, 26, 28, 44, 84 Illicit-drug users, injection drug users. See health-care provider knowledge, 83-85 also Drug treatment programs and in HIV-infected people, 30 facilities knowledge and awareness, 83-85, 93-96 access to health services, 2, 24, 29, 56, medical management, 167-169 85, 176 mortality, 20, 23, 26, 34, 45 acute infections, 120, 137, 189 prevalence and incidence, 21, 22-23, 24, contact notification, 63, 72, 86 26, 28-29, 137, 138 education programs, 95-96, 97, 154, prevention, 5, 24, 79, 136-138, 196-187 179 progression of infection and clinical gaps in services for, 175-181 outcomes, 22, 24, 29-30, 47, 84; see HBV, 1, 14, 23, 61-62, 82, 83, 120-121, also Liver cancer and liver cirrhosis 122-123, 176 racial/ethnic differences, 29-30, 168-169 HCV, 2, 5, 8, 14-15, 24, 28-29, 61, 62, risk factors, 29-30, 84 83, 84, 86, 93-94, 95-96, 136-137, screening and testing, 5, 8, 28, 51-52, 148, 158, 175-176 53-54, 62, 68, 84, 85, 86, 93-94, health-care use, 14, 176 152, 157-159, 162-165 high-risk period, 14-15 spontaneous resolution, 51, 136 knowledge and awareness of risks to, stigma/discrimination, 24, 85, 94-95 82, 83, 86, 94, 95-96 surveillance, 28, 44, 45, 47, 49, 51-52, needle-exchange/safe injection programs, 53-54, 59-60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 71 5, 9, 14, 28, 80, 88-89, 94, 97, 100, vaccine development, 2, 5, 24, 136-138 120-121, 148, 155, 166, 177, 180 Hepatitis C Continuity Program, 185-186 prevalence and incidence of infection, Hepatitis D, 30 14, 27, 61-62, 82, 96, 120, 176 Hepatitis E, 30 recommendations, 15, 179-181 Hepatocellular carcinoma.

Read the entire page →

From page 225...

... See Illicit-drug users education programs, 5, 8, 9, 99-100 Iowa, 95 HBV, 16, 27, 62, 83, 90-91, 121-124, Italy, 163 184 HCV, 8, 16, 28, 62, 83, 86, 100, 184 J knowledge and awareness of risks to, 83, 86, 90-91 Jade Ribbon Campaign, 92, 153-154 prevalence and incidence of infection, 121, 184 racial/ethnic differences, 184-185 K recommendations, 186 screening and testing, 16, 156-157, 185 Knowledge and awareness of chronic size of, 62, 99 hepatitis. See also Educational surveillance, 62 programs vaccination, 121-124, 157, 185 age and, 93 viral health services, 6, 16, 149, 184-186 asymptomatic infected individuals, 1, 3, Incidence of hepatitis.

Read the entire page →

From page 226...

... , 61 172 National Electronic Telecommunications Early Periodic Screening, Diagnosis, and System for Surveillance (NETSS) , Treatment, 11, 130-131, 134 60-61, 64 Medical management of hepatitis, 3, 5, National Health and Nutrition Examination 166-170 Survey, 62 access to, 56, 79, 130, 183 National HIV Behavioral Surveillance antiviral therapy, 6, 15, 24, 79, 86, 149, System, 62, 72 184

Read the entire page →

From page 227...

... See also Perinatal New Jersey Academy of Family Physicians, infections 82, 83 antiviral therapy, 6, 15, 149, 184 New York City, 28, 58, 85, 90, 92, 120- case management, 70, 149, 182 121, 122, 173, 186, 190 education, 97, 100-101 New York state, 58, 185-186 educational programs on viral hepatitis, Nosocomial infections, 24, 67, 87, 88 9, 99-100 foreign-born women, 23, 182-183 HBV, 6, 15, 23, 25, 82-84, 90, 149, O 182-183 HCV, 83-84 Occupational Safety and Health household contacts and sexual partners, Administration, 88 54, 182 Office of Management and Budget, 129 knowledge and awareness of risks to, Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 82-84 1993, 128-129 lamivudine prophylaxis, 162, 170, 183 Optic neuritis, 32 medical management, 6, 15, 149, Oregon, 58 182-183 Outbreak recommendations, 15-16, 184 detection and control, 48, 67, 70 screening and testing, 15, 25, 54-56, prevention, 88 69, 82-83, 84, 111, 120, 149, 162, 181-182 surveillance, 54, 69, 70, 182 P vaccination, 4, 10, 54, 111-116, 129, 131, 132, 182 Partner services viral hepatitis services, 15, 149, 181-184 CDC guidelines, 63 Prevalence and incidence of hepatitis contact notification, 9, 15, 63 accuracy of estimates, 50-51, 56, 57, 66, cost-effectiveness, 63 70-71 funding, 72 acute infections, 1, 50, 70-71, 99, 118, screening and testing, 48, 82, 86, 98, 119, 120, 121, 125 100, 154, 162 APIs, 1-2, 23, 27, 29, 81-82, 83, surveillance, 48, 62-63, 68, 72 93, 117-118, 153-154, 161, 183, vaccination, 54, 57-58, 62, 93, 113, 184-185 117, 119-120 at-risk populations, 62, 81 Perinatal hepatitis B coordinators, 15, 54, 152 CDC estimates, 25, 26, 27, 62, 120, Perinatal infections. See also Pregnant 182, 189 women chronic infections, 1, 34, 121 educational programs on, 99-101 definitions, 7 n.1 HBV, 46, 111-116, 152 immigration and, 2 immunization, 9, 54-55, 111-116 knowledge and awareness of, 8, 79, 80, knowledge and awareness, 82-83, 81, 83, 89, 153-154 100-101

Read the entire page →

From page 228...

... , 7, 61, 64, 65, 70 Safety precautions and procedures, 88 San Diego, 134, 170, 189-190 R San Francisco, 58, 81, 120, 121, 122-123, Race/ethnicity 173, 174, 182 and knowledge and awareness of Schistosomiasis-eradication campaign, 24 hepatitis, 93 Scotland, 122-123 vaccination disparities, 10, 116-117, 121 Screening and testing Racial and Ethnic Approaches to access to, 3 Community Health (REACH) 2010, acute infections, 47-51, 160, 161, 163, 93 165 Recommendations antigens and antibodies used for, 160, at-risk populations, 14, 15, 16-17, 175, 161 179-181, 184, 186 at-risk populations, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 11, committee approach, 32 13-14, 16, 27, 71-72, 91-92, 97, community health centers, 188-189 120, 124-125, 148, 152, 153-154, education programs, 4, 8-9, 85-89, 156-157, 158-159, 161-162, 173 96-101 barriers to, 124-125 insurance coverage, 11-12, 172-173 CDC recommendations, 82-83, 84, 156 integrated services, 192 157, 159, 183 outcomes of implementing, 17, 34 community-based programs, 5, 13 screening and testing, 4, 6, 13, 16, 148 confirmatory tests, 162-163 vaccination, 4-5, 9-12, 93, 114, 117, contacts/partners, 48, 82, 86, 98, 100, 125, 127, 135, 136, 138 154, 162

Read the entire page →

From page 229...

... See also Substance 84, 85, 86, 93-94, 152, 157-159, abuse services and providers 162-165 educational programs, 88-89 importance, 23 knowledge and awareness of hepatitis, insurance coverage, 13, 148, 171 80-89 interpretation of results, 94, 160-161, Society of General Internal Medicine, 82 162, 164-165 South Dakota, 116 knowledge and awareness of methods, 5, Southeast Asian immigrants, 24, 79, 82, 183 8, 9, 79, 80, 82-83, 84, 90 Standardization of data, 69 laws, 83 State and territorial health departments nucleic acid testing, 49, 53-54, 68, 159, case followup, 55 163, 164-165 cooperative agreements with CDC, 4, 7, pregnant women, 15, 25, 54-56, 69, 82- 42, 54, 57, 64-66, 67 83, 84, 111, 120, 149, 162 funding, 152 recombinant immunoblot assay, 49, 53, surveillance role, 4, 6, 7 163, 164-165 STD/HIV clinics, 87, 189-190 recommendations, 4, 6, 13, 16, 148 Stigmatization and discrimination, 8, 9, 23, referral for medical management, 5, 6, 24, 56, 85, 87, 89, 91-92, 94-95, 97, 14, 15, 31, 56, 62-63, 70, 72, 83, 98, 170, 174 120-121, 148, 149, 153, 166, 170, Study to Reduce Intravenous Exposures 171, 177, 181, 182, 183, 189 (STRIVE) , 95 reporting test results, 4, 6, 7, 41-56, 58, Sub-Saharan African immigrants, 23, 79, 59-61, 65, 66, 67, 68-69 82, 90 resource allocation, 3, 17, 45 Substance Abuse and Mental Health resources available for, 49, 54, 56, 57-58 Services Administration (SAMHSA)

Read the entire page →

From page 230...

... 0 INDEX automated data collection, 7, 51, 56, 60, serologic testing, 4, 6, 7, 47, 51, 53-54, 65, 68-70 68, 71, 159-165 AVHPC surveys, 42-43, 54, 55, 57, 58, standardization issues, 6, 7, 41, 56, 61, 59, 61, 64, 70 64, 65, 66-67, 68, 69, 70 case definitions, 7, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, state-CDC cooperative agreements, 4, 7, 53, 54, 55, 65, 68, 69 42, 54, 57, 64-66, 67 case management uses, 43, 45-46, 57- targeted, 43, 66, 71-72 58, 62-63, 65, 68, 70, 72 underreporting/misclassification of CDC initiatives, 4, 6, 7-8, 42-43, 44, 45, infections, 3, 27, 34, 47, 50, 60, 62, 50, 57, 58, 59-61, 63, 64, 65-66, 67, 70-71 68, 69, 70-71, 150 vaccinations, 59, 72, 111 challenges, 29, 47-54, 56, 60 chronic infections, 25, 44, 51-54, 59, 64, T 67, 71 committee charge and approach, 31-32, Tattooing and piercing, 99, 158-159 41-42 Transverse myelitis, 32 confidentiality safeguards, 43-44, 65 Travelers, 22, 93, 113, 117, 156 core activities, 4, 6, 7, 43, 66, 67, 68 Tuberculosis, 20, 26, 45, 61, 150, 151, 186 current system, 3, 25, 34, 41-42 design of programs, 6, 59 disease-specific issues, 46-56 u electronic medical records, 7, 50, 51, 60, 65, 68, 69, 70 United Kingdom, 162 enhanced projects, 58, 62, 71-72 US Preventive Services Task Force, 82-83, evaluation of systems, 63-64, 66, 69, 70 159, 181 funding, 3, 7, 42, 57, 58-59, 63, 65, 66, US Public Health Service, 132, 150, 159, 190 67, 71, 129 identifying infections, 4, 6, 41-56, 69 v infrastructure and process-specific issues, 57-66, 67, 70 Vaccines and vaccination, HBV jurisdictional issues, 56, 57, 60, 65-66 accessibility, 120-121, 124, 128, 129, and knowledge and awareness of 134, 135 heptatitis, 45 ACIP recommendations, 4, 9-10, 11, 55, liver cancer and cirrhosis, 67, 72 83, 88, 93, 100, 110-115, 116, 125, model programs, 43, 65, 66-72 127, 132, 133, 134, 181 outbreak detection and control uses, 44, adults, 11, 32, 93, 110, 111, 113, 116, 48, 67, 70 117-125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 132, partners of infected people, 48, 62-63, 134 68, 72 at-risk populations, 4, 9, 10-11, 27, 81, perinatal infections, 54-56 93, 113, 117-125 PHIN-compliant systems, 7, 61, 64, 65, barriers to, 8, 10, 11-12, 118, 120, 124 70 125, 127-136 pregnant women, 54, 69, 70, 182 CDC recommendations and programs, programmatic design and evaluation 12, 110-111, 124-125, 126, 128-129, uses, 3, 41, 45, 57, 67 134, 136, 153, 157 quality of data, 50, 57, 64, 66, 67, 71, children and adolescents, 4, 9, 10, 25, 79, 94 30, 93, 97, 110, 111, 112, 116-117, recommendations, 4, 6-7, 43, 63-66 126, 127, 128-132, 134 reporting systems and requirements, 7, cost-effectiveness, 54, 57-58, 117-119, 48, 51, 58, 59-61, 65, 66, 67, 68-69 124, 137-138, 162 resource allocation uses, 3, 17, 45

Read the entire page →

From page 231...

... See also Counseling; identifying at-risk adults for, 124-125 Educational programs; Medical illicit-drug users, 14, 93, 120-121, 122- management of hepatitis; Screening 123, 124, 129 and testing; Vaccines and vaccination immunization-information systems, 5, access to, 2, 3, 34, 56, 79, 151, 169, 170 11, 72, 126-127 adult viral-hepatitis prevention incarcerated people, 11, 113, 121-124, coordinators, 42-43, 57, 59, 61, 64, 125 70, 152-153 incentives, 121 adults, 3, 5, 6, 13, 16-17, 56, 79, 149, infants, 4, 9-10, 25, 54-55, 75, 93, 97, 189-192 110, 111-116, 120, 173, 182 case management, 45-46, 57-58, 62-63, institutionalized developmentally 70, 72, 149, 170 disabled people, 93, 124 CDC allocations for, 5-6, 14, 15, 16-17, insurance coverage, 5, 11-12, 128-132, 26, 42, 54, 126-127, 148-150, 151, 135 152, 153, 175, 183, 186, 192 liver cancer prevention, 109 community-based approaches, 5, 6, 13, liver transplants and, 110 14, 16, 148, 149, 174-175, 186-188 mandatory, 116-117, 134, 153 core components, 5, 12, 13, 148, 153, mistrust of, 8, 127-128 154-157 partners and household members (ring current status, 148-154 vaccination) , 54, 57-58, 62, 93, 117, design and evaluation of programs, 3, 119-120, 162 41, 45, 57, 67 payment for, 57, 128-135, 152, 153 foreign-born people, 5, 12, 13-14, 16, perinatal, 4, 10, 54, 111-116, 129, 131, 92, 148, 173-175 132 funding (public)

Read the entire page →

From page 232...

... INDEX incarcerated populations, 6, 13, 16, 149, shelter-based programs, 6, 13, 16-17, 184-186 149, 189, 191, 192 integrated approach, 14, 16-17, 149, social support, 3 171-172, 179, 180-181, 189-192 at STD/HIV clinics, 6, 13, 14, 16-17, 54, knowledge and awareness of, 91 86, 87, 119-120, 124, 125, 129, 134, mobile health units, 6, 13, 16-17, 120- 149, 151, 170, 171, 176, 189-190, 121, 122, 149, 189, 191-192 191, 192 model programs, 33, 152, 157, 170, Viral Hepatitis Surveillance Emerging 171-172 Infections Program, 58 nongovernmental organizations, Vitamin K prophylaxis, 115 153-154 pregnant women, 5-6, 13, 15, 54, 70, W 149, 181-184 prevention, 3, 5, 12, 15, 166, 177-179, Washington State Basic Health Insurance 183-184; see also Vaccines and Plan, 171 vaccination Whites, 2, 10, 27, 30, 33, 81, 116, 168, program venues for high-risk groups, 13, 169, 184-185 176-177 World Health Organization, 23, 30, 115 recommendations, 5-6, 12-17, 148-149, Collaborating Center for Reference and 172-173, 179-181, 192 Research on Viral Hepatitis, 151

Read the entire page →

← Previous Chapter Skim

This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More information on Chapter Skim is available.

Index Pages 219-232

Index
Pages 219-232