Strategic Approach to the Evaluation of Programs Implemented Under the Tom Lantos and Henry J. Hyde U.S. Global Leadership Against HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria Reauthorization Act of 2008 (2010) / Chapter Skim
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PART I Introduction and Background
PART I Introduction and Background
Pages 5-16
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PART I Introduction and Background
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. The number of new HIV infections in 2008 was estimated to be nearly 3 million, which is approximately 30 percent lower than at the pandemic's peak in 1996 -- with 84 percent of the new HIV infections occurring among people aged 15–49 years old (UNAIDS and WHO, 2009)
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President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) in its current and future phases of operation are to facilitate sustainable country-driven responses to the pandemic that reduce HIV incidence, are commensurate with the needs of people living with HIV, and strengthen health systems to better address HIV-related health needs.
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. In 2002, President Bush launched the $500 million International Mother and Child HIV Prevention Initiative with a goal of preventing mother-to-child transmission by up to 40 percent.
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was focused on establishing and scaling up prevention, care, and treatment programs, and reaching specific performance targets of preventing 7 million new HIV infections by 2010, treating 2 million HIV-infected people with antiretroviral (ARV) drugs by 2008, and providing care for 10 million people infected with and affected by HIV/AIDS (including orphans and vulnerable children)
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4 Additional advisory bodies and processes provide assistance to OGAC for information sharing and decision making for programmatic activities. For example, USG agency program directors form the Deputy Principals, who advise political appointees in the Principals group and the AIDS Coordinator on programmatic and policy guidance.
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officials, engage in policy discussions with partner-country leaders to generate additional attention and resources for the pandemic and ensure strong partner coordination. The activities support the performance targets in prevention, treatment, and care, as well as other areas, such as M&E, capacity building, developing partnership frameworks, and health systems strengthening.
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Department of Defense, HHS = U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, OVC = orphans and vulnerable children, PMTCT = prevention of mother-to-child transmission, TWG = technical working groups, USAID = United States Agency for International Development.
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the need to address long-term factors, such as expanding prevention strategies, improving the status of vulnerable groups such as women and girls, building workforce capacity, and increasing the knowledge base by means of publishing research conducted; (2) the need to improve harmonization with international and national stakeholders, providing support to the WHO on their drug prequalification process, and removing budget allocations or "earmarks" associated with performance targets; and (3)
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7 In addition, the reauthorization legislation supports the increase in the number of individuals with HIV/AIDS receiving ART above two million people, which was the initial goal under the Leadership Act of 2003. The Lantos–Hyde Act of 2008 also eliminated nearly all of the fiscal benchmarks established in the original legislation, with the exception of the 10 percent target for orphans and vulnerable children and the treatment earmark directing that at least half of funds must be spent on ART and other treatment services.
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of which $100 million is slated to come from Department of State funding (the other $100 million will come from other United States Agency for International Development (USAID) global health programs)
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