Establishing Precompetitive Collaborations to Stimulate Genomics-Driven Product Development Workshop Summary (2011) / Chapter Skim
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4 Frameworks for Collaboration
4 Frameworks for Collaboration
Pages 21-30
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From page 21... ...
Insel discussed the government role in partnerships by focusing on biobanks, biomarkers, and drug development, pointing out opportunities and challenges in each area. In the area of biobanks, NIH already supports 21
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From page 22... ...
Biobanks also can be mined in new ways as technology and concepts develop. However, several barriers exist with regard to biobank development, maintenance, and use, including confidentiality concerns when obtaining consents for broad-based studies or sharing of samples, a lack of standardization for collection, handling, and storage, limitations based on the sampled population, and the overall expense.
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. In response, the recent health care reform legislation created the Cures Acceleration Network, which would be a half-billion-dollar effort to create an integrated approach to drug discovery led by NIH.
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. "We can spend the whole day talking about partnerships," Insel said, "but unless there's really very compelling science to drive it, we're wasting a lot of time in thinking about this just being a process problem." ADvANCING TECHNOLOGICAL ACHIEvEMENTS THROuGH COLLAbORATION Christopher Beecher, research professor at the University of Michigan's Center for Translational Pathology, described the formation of a metabolomics consortium devoted to identifying all of the small molecules in a biological sample in order to discover those which are associated with the presence or progression of a disease.
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"The real problem was getting the university to understand and to not put up red flags." A major concern in forming the consortium was intellectual property. The organizers of the consortium decided that analyzing normal plasma would reduce the intellectual property issues.
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Researchers tend to work in a "tiny universe," said Aled Edwards, professor of medical biophysics at the University of Toronto and director of the Structural Genomics Consortium, "and that's a serious problem." The Structural Genomics Consortium was established in part to overcome the conservatism of much research. Its goal is to produce 1,000 threedimensional structures of therapeutically relevant biological targets, along with 100 structures of parasite drug targets.
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From page 27... ...
The idea, said Edwards, is "to seed this field with papers, and then hopefully more and more people will get at it." The final precompetitive barrier Edwards discussed is the failure of novel drug targets in clinical proof-of-concept trials. Data from these failures tend not to be released, which means that patients receive ineffective or even harmful drugs.
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Genetic association studies have been combined with genome-scale profiling to provide unbiased views of molecular physiology as it relates to disease phenotypes. Pharmaceutical companies are using this approach throughout the drug discovery process.
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From page 29... ...
For example, making the data on controls for all clinical trials publicly available could be a model for making data accessible. Another possibility would be to define intellectual property (IP)
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