Seeing the Future with Imaging Science Interdisciplinary Research Team Summaries (2011) / Chapter Skim
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IDR Team Summary 6: What are the tools and validation methods required to develop clinically useful non-invasive imaging biomarkers of psychiatric disease?
IDR Team Summary 6: What are the tools and validation methods required to develop clinically useful non-invasive imaging biomarkers of psychiatric disease?
Pages 71-78
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From page 71... ...
: A characteristic that is objectively measured and evaluated as an indicator of normal biological processes, pathogenic pro cesses, or pharmacologic responses to a therapeutic intervention. Therefore, biomarkers should be proven surrogate endpoints that can accurately predict clinical endpoints such as how a patient feels, functions, or whether or not the patient survives.
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From page 72... ...
White matter tract integrity can be measured with MRI diffusion tensor imaging and has been found to correlate with drug response in patients with depression and in early stages of schizophrenia. Another MRI technique, MR spectroscopy is useful in measuring biochemical levels in a single voxel or across the brain to assess integrity of specific metabolic pathways that may be altered in disease.
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From page 73... ...
The challenge here is to identify all of the qualifications of clinically useful imaging biomarkers for psychiatric disease and the tools and methods required to develop these efficiently. Key Questions • How can imaging biomarkers be used to demonstrate neurobiological mechanisms of disease?
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From page 74... ...
Loius • Carolyn C. Meltzer, Emory University • Andrew B. Raij, University of Memphis • A. Ravishankar Rao, IBM Research • James M. Rehg, Georgia Institute of Technology • Bruce R. Rosen, Massachusetts General Hospital • Kathleen M. Raven, University of Georgia IDR TEAM SUMMARY Kathleen Raven, NAKFI Science Writing Scholar, University of Georgia Brain images of neurological and psychiatric disorders are needed to help research, make diagnoses, track disease progression, and monitor treatment. One problem that neurological researchers face is how to detect a disease as early as possible.
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From page 75... ...
An interdisciplinary research team (IDR) at the National Academies Keck Futures Initiative Conference on Imaging Science debated these and other challenges surrounding the tools and validation methods required to develop clinically useful non-invasive imaging biomarkers of neurodegenerative and psychiatric disease.
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From page 76... ...
Additional recommendations for imaging biomarkers made in the final presentation are as follows: • Explore the role for public-private partnerships (e.g., the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health and the European Union's Innovative Medicine Initiative) in driving the coordinated development of optical imaging technology and novel molecular probes • Emphasize methods for imaging through skull and gaining portability • Combine structural and functional modalities to develop increasingly precise, multidimensional baseline images of regions and pathways altered in psychiatric diseases (e.g., reward, mood, and theory of mind)
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From page 77... ...
Opportunities exist to determine the predictive markers of weight gain, which is the most common side effect associated with atypical antipsychotic agents. Therapeutic biomarker priorities include mood disorders, deficient social interactions, symptoms of schizophrenia, and alcoholism.
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