Adverse Effects of Vaccines Evidence and Causality (2012) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
1 Introduction
1 Introduction
Pages 27-38
The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.
From page 27... ...
Beginning with the combination diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus immunization during World War II and most recently with immunization to prevent cervical cancer (the human papillomavirus vaccine) , immunizations have changed our expectations for child and adult health.
|
From page 28... ...
For example, it is well established that the oral polio vaccine on rare occasion causes paralytic polio and that vaccines sometimes lead to anaphylactic shock. Given the widespread use of vaccines; state mandates requiring vaccination of children for entry into school, college, or day care; and the importance of ensuring that trust in immunization programs is justified, it is essential that safety concerns receive assiduous attention.
|
From page 29... ...
The CDC develops VISs and distributes them to state and local health departments as well as individual providers. • The requirement that health care providers must report certain and are encouraged to report other adverse events (health effects occurring after immunization that may or may not be related to the vaccine)
|
From page 30... ...
included causality assessments similar to the previous IOM reports, but included other conclusions and recommendations regarding research, communications, and policy review. CHARGE TO THE COMMITTEE In 2009 HRSA requested that the IOM convene a committee of experts to review the epidemiological, clinical, and biological evidence regarding adverse health events associated with specific vaccines covered by the VICP.
|
From page 31... ...
TABLE 1-1 Adverse Events Included in the Vaccine Chapters DT–, TT–, and aP– Injected MMR Varicella Influenza Hepatitis Hepatitis HPV Containing Meningococcal Related Vaccine Vaccine Vaccine A Vaccine B Vaccine Vaccine Vaccines Vaccine Events Adverse Event Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 ● Disseminated Oka VZV without Other Organ Involvement ● Disseminated Oka VZV with Subsequent Infection Resulting in Pneumonia, Meningitis, or Hepatitis ● Vaccine Strain Viral Reactivation without Other Organ Involvement ● Vaccine Strain Viral Reactivation with Subsequent Infection Resulting in Meningitis or Encephalitis ● Measles Inclusion Body Encephalitis ● ● ● ● ● Encephalitis ● ● ● ● ● ● Encephalopathy ● Infantile Spasms 31 continued
|
From page 32... ...
TABLE 1-1 Continued 32 DT–, TT–, and aP– Injected MMR Varicella Influenza Hepatitis Hepatitis HPV Containing Meningococcal Related Vaccine Vaccine Vaccine A Vaccine B Vaccine Vaccine Vaccines Vaccine Events Adverse Event Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 ● ● ❍ ● ● Seizures ❍ ● Meningitis ● Cerebellar Ataxia ● ● Ataxia ● ● Autism ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● Transverse Myelitis ❍ ❍ ❍ ❍ Optic Neuritis ❍ ● ● ● Neuromyelitis Optica ● ● ● ● ● ● ● Multiple Sclerosis ● First Demyelinating Event ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● Guillain-Barré Syndrome ● ● ● ● ● ● ● Chronic Inflammatory Disseminated Polyneuropathy ● ● Opsoclonus Myoclonus Syndrome
|
From page 33... ...
● ● ● Bell's Palsy ● ● ● ● Brachial Neuritis ● Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ❍ ● Small Fiber Neuropathy ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● Anaphylaxis ● Chronic Urticaria ● Serum Sickness ● Asthma ❍ Erythema Nodosum ● ● Systemic Lupus Erythematous ● ● Vasculitis ● ● Polyarteritis Nodosa ● Psoriatic Arthritis ● Reactive Arthritis ● Rheumatoid Arthritis ● Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ● ● ● ● ● Arthropathy (Arthralgia and Arthritis) 33 continued
|
From page 34... ...
TABLE 1-1 Continued 34 DT–, TT–, and aP– Injected MMR Varicella Influenza Hepatitis Hepatitis HPV Containing Meningococcal Related Vaccine Vaccine Vaccine A Vaccine B Vaccine Vaccine Vaccines Vaccine Events Adverse Event Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 ● ● ● Type 1 Diabetes ● Hepatitis (Autoimmune) ● Myocarditis ● Pancreatitis ● ● Hepatitis ● Thromboembolic Events ❍ ● Stroke ● Hypercoagulable States ● Myocardial Infarction ● Chronic Fatigue Syndrome ● Chronic Headaches ● ● ● ● Fibromyalgia ● Sudden Infant Death Syndrome ● Hearing Loss ❍ All-Cause Mortality ● Oculorespiratory Syndrome
|
From page 35... ...
● Thrombocytopenia ● Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura ● Complex Regional Pain Syndrome ● Deltoid Bursitis ● Syncope NOTE: Adverse events indicated by "❍" were added to the list by the committee.
|
From page 36... ...
vaccines; neuromyelitis optica and meningitis following MMR vaccine; erythema nodosum following hepatitis B vaccine; and stroke and small fiber neuropathy following varicella vaccine. The committee was also tasked with addressing, as time and evidence allowed, general considerations.
|
From page 37... ...
2009. Charge to the Institute of Medicine Committee to Review Adverse Effects of Vaccines.
|
Key Terms
This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More
information on Chapter Skim is available.