Building the 21st Century U.S.-China Cooperation on Science, Technology, and Innovation (2011) / Chapter Skim
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PANEL I: BUILDING THE NEW ENERGY ECONOMY
PANEL I: BUILDING THE NEW ENERGY ECONOMY
Pages 53-64
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From page 53... ...
Both economies must be weaned of their "dependence on sources of energy that produce massive quantities of greenhouse gases and deplete scare resources." Leaders of both nations have embraced the goal of rebuilding economies based on renewable energy sources, Mr. Borrus noted.
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From page 54... ...
Johnson presented an overview of the Obama Administration's agenda to expand the clean-energy economy in the United States. The goals are to secure America's energy future, reduce greenhouse-gas 1 The John Fritz Medal was established in 1902 in honor of steel magnate John Fritz and is awarded by the American Association of Engineering Societies (AAES)
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From page 55... ...
The United States plans to expand commercial nuclear power generation, to install carbon-capture and storage technologies in coal-fired plants, and to increase renewable energy. "We will see a fundamental shift in how we meet our electricity demand from primary sources converted to electricity," she said.
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From page 56... ...
Those funds are in addition to $8.4 billion extended so far under the Advanced Technology Vehicle Manufacturing Loan Program,4 which is outside the Recovery Act. "The projects aim to transform our transportation sector by creating competition among electrification of the fleet, hydrogen fuel cells, and compressed natural gas," she said, "as well as pushing the industry to create a pathway toward bio-fuels and more efficient commercial combustion engines." Over the next several years, three new electric-vehicle plants will be built, Dr.
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From page 57... ...
The Energy Frontier Research Centers explore "ways to be biologically inspired by the way plants convert sunlight CO2 water into energy and bypass having to grow, harvest, and gasify the plants to create fuel," Dr. Johnson said.
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From page 58... ...
The approach used for bio-fuels is also used for "the entire search for the next generation of renewable energy." Collaboration is vital if the DoE is to achieve its goal of doubling renewable electricity generating capacity and advanced energy manufacturing by 2012, Dr. Johnson said.
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From page 59... ...
"And I'm looking forward to working with our colleagues in the United States and China to make this an exemplar of international cooperation in solving the global climate challenge." She thanked her Chinese counterparts for their help. 7 See The Office of the White House Press Secretary, "Remarks by President Obama," Hradcany Square, Prague, Czech Republic, April 5, 2009.
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From page 60... ...
In 2009, produced about 3.05 billion tons of coal, 189 million tons of crude oil, 85 billion cubic meters of natural gas, Mr. Ren noted.
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From page 61... ...
One reason is that "Chinese leaders are very clear about their goals." In 2009, President Hu Jintao vowed that China will do its best to develop renewable and nuclear energy, aiming to have non-fossil energies account for 15 percent of consumption of primary energy by 2020.8 "This is China's national policy, and also our solemn promise to the whole world," he said. By that time, he pointed out, China's annual energy demand will have more than doubled, to 4.6 billion CTE.
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From page 62... ...
National annual production of biogas reached 14 billion cubic meters in 2009, providing fuel for 80 million rural people. Annual output of bio-ethanol reached 1.65 million tons, and installed capacity of biomass power-generation plants across the country reached 3.2 gigawatts.
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From page 63... ...
"The world financial crisis has provided opportunities for leapfrogging forward in renewable energies," he said. "We should have strategic positioning and strategic goals." Advocates of clean energy "should neither be overly optimistic nor overly pessimistic on this issue," he said.
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From page 64... ...
China needs to "foster people who have the ability to development renewable energy and to make decisions," Mr. Ren said.
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