Building the U.S. Battery Industry for Electric Drive Vehicles Progress, Challenges, and Opportunities: Summary of a Symposium (2012) / Chapter Skim
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Panel VI-A: Federal and State Programs to Support the Battery Industry
Panel VI-A: Federal and State Programs to Support the Battery Industry
Pages 145-158
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The DoE's research for advanced vehicle batteries is run by the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Vehicle Technologies. The Office of Electricity already had been funding about $4 million in research for grid storage, Mr.
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SOURCE: David Howell, Presentation at July 26-27, 2010 National Academies Symposium on "Building the U.S. Battery Industry for Electric Drive Vehicles: Progress, Challenges, and Opportunities." Vehicle-technology research funded by the DOE spans the entire development chain.
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SOURCE: David Howell, Presentation at July 26-27, 2010 National Academies Symposium on "Building the U.S. Battery Industry for Electric Drive Vehicles: Progress, Challenges, and Opportunities."
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"So we have to move beyond the next generation of lithium ion to meet the targets." The Vehicle Technologies Program does a lot of modeling to understand the main cost drivers for batteries, he said. Three cost models are used.
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National labs include Lawrence Berkeley, Argonne, Sandia, and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. Universities include MIT, the University of Texas at Austin, the University of Michigan, and the New York state universities at Binghamton and Stony Brook.
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They include a $14 million project by Primus Power Corp., which is to deploy a wind farm in California's Central Valley and a $22 million windstorage project by Duke Energy Business Services. The projects are of "particular interest" to the vehicle technologies program, he said.
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The team's mission is to "develop and mature advanced energy storage technologies and transfer them to our vehicle platforms," she said. TARDEC has in-house testing and evaluation capabilities for various energy-storage technologies, she added, and is able to pre-qualify battery technology readiness levels.
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Commercial hybrid vehicles require only 5 kilowatt hours and plug-in hybrids 16 kilowatt hours. The combat vehicles must be able to conduct operations in silent mode while operating combat control systems, sensors, the integrated protection suite, and weapon fire controls for up to six hours or more with no transition delay.
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Batteries supply the power for mission equipment when the main engine is off and the vehicle is stationary. The benefits of Silent Watch and Silent Mobility are that they emit a low thermal and acoustic signature and can provide a means to quickly generate power at peak electrical modes, better fuel economy, reserve power, and silent export power, she said.
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A heavy brigade combat team has released battery management specifications for lead-acid batteries in the field. In terms of alternative systems, TARDEC is conducting research on lithium-titanate hybrid vehicle packs.
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It aims to help "close the gap in materials development and cell manufacturing," 37 Coin cells refer to a small, round battery formats commonly found in consumer electronics.
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Howell responded that the Vehicle Technologies Program awards R&D grants in a competitive fashion. "It is the typical process," he said.
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A third topic is design optimization, such as packaging or thermal management technologies that can cut packaging cost. Over the next few years, Mr.
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Howell explained, and is similar in concept to an Energy Frontier Research Center, "but obviously a lot larger than that." He described it as a program "to develop a center or more than one center of R&D in the nation focused on basic electrochemical research." To get a better idea of the concept, Mr. Howell suggested looking at several hubs already awarded by the Office of Science.
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