Practices and Procedures for Site-Specific Evaluations of Earthquake Ground Motions (2012) / Chapter Skim
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From page 5... ...
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES Advisers to the Nation on Science, Engineering, and Medicine The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. On the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters.
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NCHRP COMMITTEE FOR PROJECT 20-05 COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAMS STAFF CHRISTOPHER W JENKS, Director, Cooperative CHAIR Research Programs CATHERINE NELSON CRAWFORD F
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Williams specific basis. Information includes criteria used to determine when a site-specific analysis Program Director is needed, how to develop input parameters required for a site-response analysis, the nature Transportation of the site-response analysis performed (equivalent-linear, total stress nonlinear, effective Research Board stress nonlinear)
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Contents 1SUMMARY 3 CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 5 CHAPTER TWO CURRENT STATE OF EVALUATION OF SITE EFFECTS ON GROUND MOTIONS Introduction, 5 Site Response Evaluation Approaches, 5 Site Response Analysis Methods, 6 Information Required for Site Response Analysis, 6 Equivalent-Linear Site Response Analysis, 8 Nonlinear Total Stress Site Response Analysis, 10 Nonlinear Site Response Analysis with Pore Water Pressure Change, 13 Calibration and Benchmarking Studies, 15 Guidance Documents for Site Response Analysis, 15 Software Used in Practice, 15 17 CHAPTER THREE APPROACH TO SURVEY OF CURRENT PRACTICE Background, 17 Overview of the Survey, 17 Survey Respondents, 17 Survey Responses, 18 19 CHAPTER FOUR SURVEY RESPONSES AND RELEVANT LITERATURE General Practice, 19 Criteria and Programs Used in Site Response Analysis, 19 Dimensions, Analysis, and Model Type, 19 Seismic Hazard and Motion Input Required for Site Response Analysis, 20 Soil Profile Input Information Required for Site Response Analysis, 20 Site Response Analysis, 21 Evaluation and Use of Results, 22 General Comments on the Survey, 22 24 CHAPTER FIVE CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH Conclusions, 24 Suggestions for Further Research, 24 27REFERENCES 34BIBLIOGRAPHY 39GLOSSARY 40 APPENDIX A Survey Questionnaire 47 APPENDIX B Compiled Survey Responses
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77APPENDIX C Site Response Analysis Software -- Software UrlS, References, and Use in Highway Engineering Practice as Identified by Survey Respondents Note: Many of the photographs, figures, and tables in this report have been converted from color to grayscale for printing. The electronic version of the report (posted on the web at www.trb.org)
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From page 11... ...
For Site Classes C, D, and E, AASHTO's tabulated site response adjustment factors (site factors) are typically used to adjust mapped values of ground motions.
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However, there is a lack of agreed-upon protocols for both 1-D and 2-D nonlinear site response analysis with soils that have potential for significant pore water pressure generation. The survey identifies survey participants, survey questions, methods of processing survey responses, and relevant findings of the survey.
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are tak- methods of site response analysis (including equivalenting advantage of this site response reduction provision, linear total stress analysis) require significant expertise particularly in cases where pore pressure generation could and numerous discretionary decisions.
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, plus DOTs of Georgia, Hawaii search, an attempt was made to identify and explain key (T-3+) , Massachusetts, New York, Rhode Island, and Utah, concepts involved in current site response analysis practice.
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If needed, ground motions can be generated separately through some form of spectral matching, which will be discussed later. The third approach calls for evaluation of local site effects by conducting a detailed site response analysis using computer software.
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From page 16... ...
. Site response analysis methods can be classified by the Input Ground Motion Time Histories domain in which calculations are performed (frequency domain or time domain)
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