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The Internationalization of U.S. Manufacturing Causes and Consequences (1990) / Chapter Skim
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Executive Summary
Pages 1-4

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From page 1...
... Cheap labor no longer dominates decisions to manufacture offshore; few industries have product lines with sufficient labor content to justify investment strategies based solely on labor costs. Manufacturing costs are being driven by process control and flexibility, product quality, customer responsiveness, and the skills needed 1
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From page 2...
... Flexible exchange rates, the magnitude of global capital flows, and the virtual elimination of tariffs among developed countries, combined with the emergence of nontariff barriers as the dominant form of protectionism, have opened new market opportunities and introduced new sources of risk for global manufacturers. Internationalization has clouded the distinction between domestic and foreign policy and created pressure for greater international cooperation in setting national policies.
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From page 3...
... For manufacturers the essential ingredients of a successful strategy include: · Developing managers with a broad understanding of not only foreign markets and international competitors but also the technology and the knowledge to use it needed by world-class manufacturers. · Building corporate intelligence on international markets, technological developments, competitors' strategies, consumer demand, and political changes as a prerequisite for aggressive pursuit of global market share.
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From page 4...
... · Emphasize high-value manufacturing as a national core competitive capability by providing the incentives and resources intellectual, capital, infrastructural required to encourage private manufacturers to perform high-value activities in the United States. Internationalization has already made these factors essential to corporate and national success in the global economy.
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Key Terms

  • market share
  • core competitive
  • competitive advantages
  • foreign markets
  • manufacturing activities

  • global market
  • constant improvement
  • competitive capabilities
  • production base
  • global competitors

  • product lines
  • competitiveness deserves
  • setting national
  • strategy based
  • external technology

  • core competence
  • manufacturers pursuing
  • competitors abroad
  • appropriate national
  • national core

  • global manufacturers
  • attacking competitors
  • revenue potential
  • outside expertise
  • markets depends

  • achieve constant
  • command whatever
  • foreign ownership
  • existing work
  • constantly upgrading


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