Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals Volume 13 (2012) / Chapter Skim
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5 Perchloryl Fluoride
5 Perchloryl Fluoride
Pages 139-166
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From page 139... ...
Both the document and the AEGL values were then reviewed by the National Research Council (NRC) Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels.
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From page 140... ...
Although the AEGL values represent threshold concentrations for the general public, including susceptible subpopulations, such as infants, children, the elderly, persons with asthma, and those with other illnesses, it is recognized that individuals, subject to idiosyncratic responses, could experience the effects described at concentrations below the corresponding AEGL. SUMMARY Perchloryl fluoride is a colorless, stable gas.
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From page 141... ...
An intraspecies uncertainty factor of 10 was considered appropriate because infants are considerably more susceptible to methemoglobinemia than healthy adults. In the absence of time-scaling information, the 6-h value was scaled using the equation Cn × t = k, using the default values of n = 3 and n = 1 to extrapolate to shorter or longer exposure durations, respectively.
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From page 142... ...
TABLE 5-1 Summary of AEGL Values for Perchloryl Fluoride End Point Classification 10 min 30 min 1h 4h 8h (Reference) AEGL-1 1.8 ppm 1.8 ppm 1.5 ppm 0.92 ppm 0.60 ppm No effects in dog (nondisabling)
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HUMAN TOXICITY DATA 2.1. Acute Lethality No human data were available on the acute lethality of perchloryl fluoride.
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Atmospheric concentration of the chemical in the chamber was analyzed by using quantitative hydrolysis of perchloryl fluoride with 10% alcoholic potassium hydroxide in a series of bubblers. Rats that died had labored breathing, cyanosis, pronounced gasping, and convulsions.
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reported an LC50 for perchloryl fluoride of 220 mg/m3 (52 ppm) in guinea pigs, but the exposure duration was not specified.
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Urinary fluoride concentrations increased 4-fold over 6 months, but were comparable those of the controls at the end of the exposure and remained normal during the recovery period. Bone fluoride concentrations in treated dogs were 46% greater than that of control dogs.
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in the treated guinea pigs, but blood volumes obtained were small making the data unreliable. Urinary fluoride concentrations increased 5-fold over a 6-month period but were comparable to those of controls at the end of the exposure and remained normal during the postexposure period.
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(1960) , rats, guinea pigs, and dogs had fluoride deposition in the bone (femur)
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1960 Repeat-Exposure Studiesb Dog 0, 24 6 h/d, 5 d/wk for 26 wk All survived; no clinical signs; increased fluoride Greene et al. 1960 in femur after 6 mos Rat 0, 104, 185 6 h/d, 5 d/wk for 5 wk 104 ppm: 1/20 died (>25 exposure days)
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c The high mortality and lung data are questionable because both the control and treated guinea pigs had Bordetella bronchiseptica infections.
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(1960) exposed rats, mice, guinea pigs, and dogs to similar concentrations of perchloryl fluoride and observed similar effects in all species.
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An intraspecies uncertainty factor of 10 was applied because infants are considerably more susceptible to methemoglobinemia than healthy adults. Time scaling was performed using the equation Cn × t = k, with n = 1 and n = 3 for longer- and shorterexposure durations, respectively (NRC 2001)
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DATA ANALYSIS FOR AEGL-2 6.1. Summary of Human Data Relevant to AEGL-2 No human data were available for deriving AEGL-2 values for perchloryl fluoride.
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From page 154... ...
An intraspecies uncertainty factor of 10 was applied because infants are considerably more susceptible to methemoglobinemia than healthy adults. Time scaling was performed using the equation Cn × t = k, with n = 1 and n = 3 for longer- and shorter-exposure durations, respectively (NRC 2001)
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From page 155... ...
for perchloryl fluoride established by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists and the permissible exposure limit - time weighted average (PEL-TWA) of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
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b TLV-TWA (threshold limit value-time weighted average, American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists)
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U.S. Army Chemical Research and Development Laborato ries Technical Report CRDLR 3010.
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2001. Standard Operating Procedures for Developing Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Chemicals.
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U.S. Army Chemical Research and Development Laboratories Technical Report CRDLR 3010.
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2001. Standard Operating Procedures for Developing Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Chemicals.
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1 × 4 h = 896 ppm-h Uncertainty factors: 3 for interspecies variability 10 for intraspecies variability 10-min AEGL-3: 15 ppm (set equal to the 30-min value because of the long exposure duration of the key study)
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From page 162... ...
162 Acute Exposure Guideline Levels APPENDIX B Chemical Toxicity - TSD Animal Data Perchloryl Fluoride 10000 1000 No Effect Discomfort 100 Disabling ppm AEGL-3 10 Some Lethality AEGL-2 Lethal AEGL-1 1 AEGL 0 0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 Minutes FIGURE B-1 Category plot of animal toxicity data on perchloryl fluoride compared with AEGL values. TABLE B-1 Data Used in Category Plot of AEGL Values for Perchloryl Fluoride Concentration Duration Source Species (ppm)
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From page 163... ...
Perchloryl Fluoride 163 NAC/AEGL-3 15 30 AEGL NAC/AEGL-3 12 60 AEGL NAC/AEGL-3 7.5 240 AEGL NAC/AEGL-3 3.7 480 AEGL Greene et al. 1960 Dog 224 240 2 (moderate cyanosis, hyperpnea)
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Army Chemical Center, Edgewood, MD. Test species/Strain/Number: Beagle dogs, 2 per group; Sprague-Dawley rats, 10 per group Exposure route/Concentrations/Durations: Inhalation, 24 ppm for 6 h/day, 5 days/week for 26 weeks Effects: 0 ppm: No effects observed 24 ppm: No clinical signs observed; some increases in fluoride deposition but only after long-term exposure.
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2001. Standard Operating Procedures for Developing Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Chemicals.
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166 Acute Exposure Guideline Levels AEGL-3 VALUES Continued Intraspecies: 10, because perchloryl fluoride is systemically absorbed and the possible increased sensitivity of some humans, especially infants, for developing methemoglobinemia. Modifying factor: Not applied Animal-to-human dosimetric adjustment: Not applicable Time scaling: Extrapolation to different exposure durations was performed using the equation Cn × t = k (ten Berge et al.
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