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Tanker Spills Prevention by Design (1991) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix E: Double Hull Tanker Design
Pages 226-237

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From page 226...
... Two meters is adequate for smaller vessels; but as the vessel size is increased and structural stiffeners increase in size, personnel access and air circulation become problems if the height of the double bottom is simply limited to two meters. There are many ways to design a double bottom, but in larger size vessels either longitudinals encroach into the available space to make access very difficult or longitudinal girders and transverse frames produce compartments that have the same or worse effect.
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From page 227...
... DOUBLE SIDE TANK WIDTH REQUIREMENTS Double side tanks require a minimum width of two meters. We believe the criteria should be 1/lSth the beam but in no case less than two meters nor be required to be greater than three meters.
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From page 228...
... it. ~ T T T T ~ T T T— _ FIGURE E-2 Chevron 130,000 DWT ballast tank (midships)
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From page 229...
... COATINGS The massive amount of ballast tank surface area that is present in a double hull tanker makes corrosion protection a vital issue. These tanks should be coated and protected with cathodic protection methods to provide protection backup when coating failures occur.
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From page 230...
... As can be seen, the vessel is heeled to 33.5 degrees but remains afloat. In Figure E-S, we depict an industry standard 13O,OOO DWT vessel with 2.0 meter double hull and "L" shaped ballast tanks.
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From page 231...
... 231 Cal o ~ o _ o ~ Cal = 2 a, ~ ~ ~ _ Lo _ o S o A E E ~ o ~ o on o Cal C" z E en Up C" ~ ~ o .= C
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From page 232...
... 232 a 23 o o C - , on on Cal Lo t_ _ _. E ~~ ~ - 11 - 1 At_ c0 _ To — Cal cats E _ C: / t ~ Cat 0 0 V 1 _ ..
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From page 233...
... The "S" tanks were included to provide buoyancy in a damaged condition, as the "U" tanks will flood across the vessel and not cause heeling, but sinkage will be greater. To minimize the free surface effects which could be created inadvertently by flooding too many "U" tanks simultaneously, three center cargo tanks have centerline subdivision bulkheads.
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From page 235...
... DOUBLE HULL TANKER DESIGN ``U,'Tank' "L" Tank FIGURE E-7 Double-hull tank configurations. INS U TANK U TANK ':[C \ J TANK SIDE TANK U TANK U TANK FIGURE E-8 Chevron 13O,OOO DWT double hull tank arrangement 235 :"J" Tank "S" Tank 17: TANK ,_ \ J TANK SIDE TANK
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From page 236...
... 236 bit Cal ,_ _ .
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Key Terms

  • double bottom
  • damage stability
  • air circulation
  • ballast tank
  • hull tanker

  • ballast tanks
  • stability characteristics
  • cargo tanks
  • cathodic protection
  • corrosion protection

  • bottom height
  • free surface
  • chevron vessel
  • tank arrangement
  • center cargo

  • coating failures
  • explosive vapors
  • larger size
  • simply limited
  • structural stiffeners

  • tank surface
  • hull tank
  • subdivision bulkheads
  • hull tanks
  • failures occur

  • proper air
  • center line
  • frames produce
  • dead leg
  • worse effect


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