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From page 173... ... , 5, 23-24, 85 Astronomical Image Processing System (AIPS) , 93, 95, 97 Astrophysical Data System, 98 Atmospheric processes, 33, 75, 127 climate and weather, 8, 32-33, 126-127 image quality and, 80, 82-83, 101, 104 Jupiter, 28, 61, 127 Mars, 10, 127 ozone layer, 127 Pluto, 10, 33 see also Planetary atmospheres B Baade, W., 36 Berkeley, University of California, 60 Beryllium, 26, 62 Big Bang, 8, 9, 28, 29, 44 17, 48, 51, 52, 54, 71 Biological/organic evolution comets, 31-32 extraterrestrial intelligence, 62 interstellar media, 62, 122 Black holes, 9, 37, 41~2, 64, 66, 79 Bruno, G., 31 Read the entire page →
From page 174... ... , 38-39,44,46,51,66, 117 Cosmic Background Imager, 25, 68 Cosmic dust, 40, 75, 79 Cosmic rays, 22, 25, 38, 53, 68, 70, 71, 80, 90 see also Fly's Eye telescope Cosmology, 28-29, l4 45, 121-122 Big Bang, 8, 9, 28, 29, 44-47, 48, 51, 52, 54, 71 large-scale structure of universe, 9, 29, 47-49, 51-54, 73, 88 Cost-effectiveness, 119 computer technology, 91-92, 96-97 international efforts, 120 large missions, 15- 16, 117 manned space programs, 103, 106 technology development, 68 D Dark matter, 49-51, 54, 71 INDEX black holes, 9, 37, 41-42, 64, 66, 79 Databases, 26, 88, 89, 92 archiving, 95-97, 98-99 Defense, see National security Demographic factors, 150-152 Density of universe (omega) , 49, 50, 52-54 Department of Defense, 16, 83, 113 Air Force Office of Scientific Research, 113 Department of Energy, 16, 69-70, 112-113 Department of the Navy, 58, 113 Naval Observatory, 132 Naval Research Laboratory, 113 Deuterium, 65 Digges, T., 45 EEconomic factors, see Cost effectiveness; Funding Education, 7, 110, 113-115, 122-124, 150-152 grants and fellowships, individuals, 55, 63, 110, 114, 116, 156 university research, 56-57, 60-61, 88-89, 106, 114, 122-124 An Educational Initiative in Astronomy, 114 8-m telescopes, see Infrared-optimized 8-m telescope; Southern 8-m telescope Einstein, A., 9, 45 Einstein Observatory (HEAO) Read the entire page →
From page 175... ... , 88, 96, 133 France, 62, 67, 133 Friedmann, A., 45 Funding, 152, 153-154 archival data, 6, 96-97, 98-99 centimeter wavelength programs, 58 cooperative projects, 5~57 grants and fellowships, individuals, 2, 7, 13-14, 55, 63, 110, 114, 116, 156 ground-based infrastructure and programs, 2, 12-27, 115-116 international collaborations, 24, 67 lunar initiative, 7, 107, 108-109 NASA, 6, 27, 111-112, 116-117, 153, 156, 157 NSF, 2, 6, 13-14, 115, 153-156 prioritized equipment initiatives, 3-6, 16-18 small and moderate programs, 5, 24, 117 solar astronomy, 61-62, 85 technology development, 20, 26-27 theory, 6, 14, 69 see also Joint ventures 175 G Galaxies and galactic processes, 28, 51, 59, 60 active, 40-42, 59, 64, 73, 88 Andromeda, 39 clusters, 9, 39, 40, 47-48, 49-50, 53 constituent elements, 38 evolution, 8, 9, 39-40, 42 14, 65, 73-74, 81-82, 103, 105 explosions, 28 gas processes, 43-44, 47, 50, 53, 60, 64, 75, 82 intergalactic media and processes, 43 44, 47, 50, 53, 60 Large Magellanic Cloud, 9 magnetic fields, 90 Milky Way, 38-39 nuclei, 66, 67, 79, 82, 88 theory, 42, 43, 44, 48-49 ultraluminous, 9, 75, 105; see also Quasars Gamma-ray astronomy, 26, 38, 42, 70-71, 90, 105, 132 airshower detector, 70-71, 90, 111 Gamma Ray Observatory (GRO) , 15, 38, 63, 64 Gas processes galactic, 43 ^4, 47, 50, 53, 60, 64, 75, 82 interstellar, 39, 41~2, 43, 73-74, 82, 122 supernova, 38 see also Accretion disks Geophysics, 126 volcanoes, 32-33, 61 Germany, 61, 62, 67, 78-79 Gladstone, W., 129 Global Oscillations Network Group (GONG) Read the entire page →
From page 176... ... , 20, 61, 83 Interdisciplinary cooperation, 69, 71, 124-126, 129-133 Interferometry, 21, 23-24, 80, 113 AIM, 5, 23-24, 85 history, 83 infrared and optical, 26-27, 31, 58, 80-81, 83-84, 103-105 moon, observatories on, 101, 103-105, 106, 108 optical, 26-27, 31, 58, 80-81, 83-84 planetary, 23-24 radio, 60, 80, 81, 105, 119, 160 VLA, 5, 13, 22-23, 58, 80, 85-86, 91, 93, 94 VLBA, 23, 40, 59, 85-86, 111 VLBI, 26, 59, 80, 126, 134 Intergalactic media and processes, 43 44, 47, 50, 53, 60 International Astronomical Union, 133 International collaborations, 24, 67, 110, 112, 119-120, 133-134 computer technology, 92, 96 cost-effectiveness, 120 IRAS, 30, 35, 40, 66, 67, 75, 78, 93, 96, 117, 119, 131-132, 134 moon-based technology, 109 particle physics, 70 Read the entire page →
From page 177... ... , 4-5, 2~21, 30, 35, 53, 74, 81-82 Millimeter astronomy, 4-5, 13, 30, 35, 6~61, 158 MMA, 4-5, 20-21, 30, 35, 53, 74, 81-82 Millitech Corporation, 130 Minorities, 151-152 Mirror Laboratory of Steward Observatory, 86 Mirror technology, 56, 57, 63, 86, 106-107, 117 Keck optical telescope, 56, 78, 82, 86, 87 on moon, 101 Spectroscopic Survey Telescope, 56, 86 Mission operations and data analysis, 89, 92 see also Computers and computer science Moon, 6-7, 27, 100-109 see also Lunar bodies Multidisciplinary approach, see Interdisciplinary cooperation N National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) , 11, 16, 26, 27, 61, 66, 111-112, 116-117, 153, 156, 157 Comet Rendezvous Asteroid Flyby, 31 computer science, 95-97, 98-99 education, 114, 115, 151-152 extraterrestrial intelligence, 62 interferometry, general, 5, 23-24, 85, 108 manned space exploration, 101, 103, 106, see also Space Shuttle moon observatories, 100, 107-108, 109 planning, 63, 107-108, 111, 116-117, 118 Read the entire page →
From page 178... ... , 62 Naval Observatory, 132 Naval Research Laboratory, 113 Netherlands, 134 von Neumann, J., 91 Neutrino astronomy, 9, 37, 124 solar, 10, 26, 34, 62, 68-69, 70, 124 Neutron stars, 9, 36, 37, 64, 66 New Mexico State University, 57 New Technology Telescope, 88 Newton, I., 33, 45 Near-Infrared Camera and Multi-Objective Spectrometer (NICMOS) , 64, 68 Nuclear reactions, fusion, 36, 133 o Office of Management and Budget, 12 Office of Space Science and Applications, Strategic Plan, 63, 107, 111, 116-117, 118 Ohio State University, 56 Omega, see Density of universe Optical astronomy, 5, 21-22, 31, 32, 48, 49-50, 55-56, 58, 158 active optics, 82 INDEX adaptive optics, 58, 76, 82-83, 88, 113 interferometry, 26-27, 31, 58, 80-81, 83-84 Keck telescope, 56, 78, 82, 86, 87 laser technology, 83 National Optical Astronomy Observatories, 13, 56, 88, 93, 115 see also Mirror technology Ozone layer, 127 p Particle astrophysics, 9, 26, 33, 36, 38, 42, 55, 70-71, 124-125 American Astronomical Association, 114, 150 cosmology, 47 dark matter, 49-51, 54, 71; see also Black holes neutrinos 9, 10, 26, 34, 37, 62, 68-69, 70, 124 protons, 26, 38, 62, 90 theory, 51, 111, 124 see also Cosmic rays Pease, F., 83 Pennsylvania State University, 56 Planetary astronomy, 8, 61 geophysics, 126 volcanoes, 32-33, 61 historical perspectives, 29, 31 interferometry, 23-24 WF/PC, 63, 64 see also specific planets Planetary atmospheres, see Atmospheric processes Planetary Data System, 98 Planetary formation and evolution, 9, 29-30, 72-73 accretion disks, 29-30, 35, 41-42, 72, 82 protoplanets, 29, 82 Pluto, 10, 33 Princeton University, 57 Private telescope initiatives, 56-57, 78 Professional associations American Astronomical Association, 114, 150 International Astronomical Union, 133 Project STAR, 122 Project 2061, 122 Protogalaxies, 8 Protoplanets, 29, 82 Read the entire page →
From page 179... ... , 61 Solar neutrinos, 10, 26, 34, 62, 68-69, 70, 124 Solar oscillations, see Helioseismology Solar system asteroids, 31-32 comets, 31-32, 61 evolution, 29-30, 31, 35 see also terms beginning Planetary and specific planets Solar systems, other, 30-31, 104 Southern 8-m telescope, 5, 21, 74, 86, 88 Soviet Union, 51, 62, 63, 67, 70, 112, 134 Space-based research, general, 5, 1~16, 21, 23-24, 25-26, 62-68 archiving, 98 see also specific projects Space Exploration Initiative, 107-108 Space Infrared Telescope Facility (SIRTF) , 3 - , 15, 26, 30, 35, 38, 40, 43, 50, 63, 67, 68, 74, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80 Space Science in the 21st Century, 103 Space Shuttle, 62-63, 67-68, 89, 112, 118, 119 Space Telescope Imaging Spectrometer, 64 Space Telescope Science Institute, 63 Spectroscopic Survey Telescope, 56, 86 Stellar atmospheres, 83 Stellar evolution, 8, 34-38, 72-73, 104, 105 computer models, 91 neutron stars, 9, 36, 37, 64, 66 protostars, 29-30, 34-35, 75, 97 pulsars, 59 red giants, 36 supernovae, 9, 28, 36, 37-38, 54, 67, 70, 88, 91, 124 theory, 35, 36-38, 42 white dwarfs, 36, 37, 65 Stellar magnetic fields, 36, 85 Stellar variation, see Helioseismology Stever Report, 68 Steward Observatory Mirror Laboratory, 57 Strategic Defense Initiative, 113 Read the entire page →
From page 180... ... , 5, 23, 25, 32, 35, 38, 67, 77, 78-79, 80 Submillimeter astronomy, 27, 60~1, 67, 75, 90, 105 CSO, 60, 75 from moon, 105, 108 SOFIA, 5, 23, 25, 32, 35, 38, 67, 77, 78-79, 80 SWAS, 63, 66 Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite (SWAS) , 63, 66 Sun, see Solar astronomy Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect, 53 Supernovae, 9, 28, 36, 37-38, 54, 67, 70, 88, 91, 124 T Taurus constellation, 30 Technology development, 26-27, 56, 68, 72 Telescopes, 1, 4-5, 26, 27, 39, 72, 159 atmospheric processes and error, 80, 82-83, 101, 104 consortia, 56-57, 96 international collaboration, 56, 61, 78-79, 96 moon-based, 103, 108, 109 see also Airborne telescopes; 8-m telescopes; 4-m telescopes; Infrared astronomy; Interferometry; Optical astronomy; Radio astronomy; 10-m telescopes; Ultraviolet astronomy Temperature effects and measurements, 126 intergalactic, 44 stellar, 33, 34-35, 42, 61 10-m telescopes, 10, 27, 39, 43, 44, 56, 78, 82, 83 Theoretical astrophysics, 12, 29, 31, 33, 55, 68-70 computer simulations, 30, 42, 48, 91, 97-98 galactic, 42, 43, 44, 48-49 gravity, 45, 50 particle physics, 51, 111, 124 stellar, 35, 36-38, 42 see also Cosmology Time standards, 132 Two-micron survey, 24 INDEX U Ultraviolet astronomy EUVE, 38, 65, 89, 119 FUSE, 5, 23, 38, 65, 89, 111-112, 119 IUE, 96, 117, 119, 133, 156 United Kingdom, 67, 129, 134 University of Arizona, 56, 57, 61, 86 University of California, 56 University of California, Berkeley, 60 University of Chicago, 57 University of Illinois, 60 University of Maryland, 60 University of Texas, 56 University of Washington, 57 University of Wisconsin, 56 University research, 56-57, 60-61, 88-89, 106, 114, 122-124 V Venus, 127 Very Large Array (VLA) Read the entire page →
From page 181... ... INDEX X X-ray astronomy, 27, 38, 42, 67, 105, 132 ASTRO, 68 ASTRO-D, 50, 67 AXAF, 15, 26, 34, 38, 42, 50, 53, 63, 64-65, 68, 76 dark matter, SO Einstein Observatory, 42, So, 64, 91, 96, 117 181 ROSAT, 50, 67 X-ray Timing Explorer (XTE) , 65-66, 89 y Yale University, 56 Zwicky, F., 36, 49 z Read the entire page →

From page 173...

... , 5, 23-24, 85 Astronomical Image Processing System (AIPS) , 93, 95, 97 Astrophysical Data System, 98 Atmospheric processes, 33, 75, 127 climate and weather, 8, 32-33, 126-127 image quality and, 80, 82-83, 101, 104 Jupiter, 28, 61, 127 Mars, 10, 127 ozone layer, 127 Pluto, 10, 33 see also Planetary atmospheres B Baade, W., 36 Berkeley, University of California, 60 Beryllium, 26, 62 Big Bang, 8, 9, 28, 29, 44 17, 48, 51, 52, 54, 71 Biological/organic evolution comets, 31-32 extraterrestrial intelligence, 62 interstellar media, 62, 122 Black holes, 9, 37, 41~2, 64, 66, 79 Bruno, G., 31

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From page 174...

... , 38-39,44,46,51,66, 117 Cosmic Background Imager, 25, 68 Cosmic dust, 40, 75, 79 Cosmic rays, 22, 25, 38, 53, 68, 70, 71, 80, 90 see also Fly's Eye telescope Cosmology, 28-29, l4 45, 121-122 Big Bang, 8, 9, 28, 29, 44-47, 48, 51, 52, 54, 71 large-scale structure of universe, 9, 29, 47-49, 51-54, 73, 88 Cost-effectiveness, 119 computer technology, 91-92, 96-97 international efforts, 120 large missions, 15- 16, 117 manned space programs, 103, 106 technology development, 68 D Dark matter, 49-51, 54, 71 INDEX black holes, 9, 37, 41-42, 64, 66, 79 Databases, 26, 88, 89, 92 archiving, 95-97, 98-99 Defense, see National security Demographic factors, 150-152 Density of universe (omega) , 49, 50, 52-54 Department of Defense, 16, 83, 113 Air Force Office of Scientific Research, 113 Department of Energy, 16, 69-70, 112-113 Department of the Navy, 58, 113 Naval Observatory, 132 Naval Research Laboratory, 113 Deuterium, 65 Digges, T., 45 EEconomic factors, see Cost effectiveness; Funding Education, 7, 110, 113-115, 122-124, 150-152 grants and fellowships, individuals, 55, 63, 110, 114, 116, 156 university research, 56-57, 60-61, 88-89, 106, 114, 122-124 An Educational Initiative in Astronomy, 114 8-m telescopes, see Infrared-optimized 8-m telescope; Southern 8-m telescope Einstein, A., 9, 45 Einstein Observatory (HEAO)

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From page 175...

... , 88, 96, 133 France, 62, 67, 133 Friedmann, A., 45 Funding, 152, 153-154 archival data, 6, 96-97, 98-99 centimeter wavelength programs, 58 cooperative projects, 5~57 grants and fellowships, individuals, 2, 7, 13-14, 55, 63, 110, 114, 116, 156 ground-based infrastructure and programs, 2, 12-27, 115-116 international collaborations, 24, 67 lunar initiative, 7, 107, 108-109 NASA, 6, 27, 111-112, 116-117, 153, 156, 157 NSF, 2, 6, 13-14, 115, 153-156 prioritized equipment initiatives, 3-6, 16-18 small and moderate programs, 5, 24, 117 solar astronomy, 61-62, 85 technology development, 20, 26-27 theory, 6, 14, 69 see also Joint ventures 175 G Galaxies and galactic processes, 28, 51, 59, 60 active, 40-42, 59, 64, 73, 88 Andromeda, 39 clusters, 9, 39, 40, 47-48, 49-50, 53 constituent elements, 38 evolution, 8, 9, 39-40, 42 14, 65, 73-74, 81-82, 103, 105 explosions, 28 gas processes, 43-44, 47, 50, 53, 60, 64, 75, 82 intergalactic media and processes, 43 44, 47, 50, 53, 60 Large Magellanic Cloud, 9 magnetic fields, 90 Milky Way, 38-39 nuclei, 66, 67, 79, 82, 88 theory, 42, 43, 44, 48-49 ultraluminous, 9, 75, 105; see also Quasars Gamma-ray astronomy, 26, 38, 42, 70-71, 90, 105, 132 airshower detector, 70-71, 90, 111 Gamma Ray Observatory (GRO) , 15, 38, 63, 64 Gas processes galactic, 43 ^4, 47, 50, 53, 60, 64, 75, 82 interstellar, 39, 41~2, 43, 73-74, 82, 122 supernova, 38 see also Accretion disks Geophysics, 126 volcanoes, 32-33, 61 Germany, 61, 62, 67, 78-79 Gladstone, W., 129 Global Oscillations Network Group (GONG)

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From page 176...

... , 20, 61, 83 Interdisciplinary cooperation, 69, 71, 124-126, 129-133 Interferometry, 21, 23-24, 80, 113 AIM, 5, 23-24, 85 history, 83 infrared and optical, 26-27, 31, 58, 80-81, 83-84, 103-105 moon, observatories on, 101, 103-105, 106, 108 optical, 26-27, 31, 58, 80-81, 83-84 planetary, 23-24 radio, 60, 80, 81, 105, 119, 160 VLA, 5, 13, 22-23, 58, 80, 85-86, 91, 93, 94 VLBA, 23, 40, 59, 85-86, 111 VLBI, 26, 59, 80, 126, 134 Intergalactic media and processes, 43 44, 47, 50, 53, 60 International Astronomical Union, 133 International collaborations, 24, 67, 110, 112, 119-120, 133-134 computer technology, 92, 96 cost-effectiveness, 120 IRAS, 30, 35, 40, 66, 67, 75, 78, 93, 96, 117, 119, 131-132, 134 moon-based technology, 109 particle physics, 70

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From page 177...

... , 4-5, 2~21, 30, 35, 53, 74, 81-82 Millimeter astronomy, 4-5, 13, 30, 35, 6~61, 158 MMA, 4-5, 20-21, 30, 35, 53, 74, 81-82 Millitech Corporation, 130 Minorities, 151-152 Mirror Laboratory of Steward Observatory, 86 Mirror technology, 56, 57, 63, 86, 106-107, 117 Keck optical telescope, 56, 78, 82, 86, 87 on moon, 101 Spectroscopic Survey Telescope, 56, 86 Mission operations and data analysis, 89, 92 see also Computers and computer science Moon, 6-7, 27, 100-109 see also Lunar bodies Multidisciplinary approach, see Interdisciplinary cooperation N National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) , 11, 16, 26, 27, 61, 66, 111-112, 116-117, 153, 156, 157 Comet Rendezvous Asteroid Flyby, 31 computer science, 95-97, 98-99 education, 114, 115, 151-152 extraterrestrial intelligence, 62 interferometry, general, 5, 23-24, 85, 108 manned space exploration, 101, 103, 106, see also Space Shuttle moon observatories, 100, 107-108, 109 planning, 63, 107-108, 111, 116-117, 118

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From page 178...

... , 62 Naval Observatory, 132 Naval Research Laboratory, 113 Netherlands, 134 von Neumann, J., 91 Neutrino astronomy, 9, 37, 124 solar, 10, 26, 34, 62, 68-69, 70, 124 Neutron stars, 9, 36, 37, 64, 66 New Mexico State University, 57 New Technology Telescope, 88 Newton, I., 33, 45 Near-Infrared Camera and Multi-Objective Spectrometer (NICMOS) , 64, 68 Nuclear reactions, fusion, 36, 133 o Office of Management and Budget, 12 Office of Space Science and Applications, Strategic Plan, 63, 107, 111, 116-117, 118 Ohio State University, 56 Omega, see Density of universe Optical astronomy, 5, 21-22, 31, 32, 48, 49-50, 55-56, 58, 158 active optics, 82 INDEX adaptive optics, 58, 76, 82-83, 88, 113 interferometry, 26-27, 31, 58, 80-81, 83-84 Keck telescope, 56, 78, 82, 86, 87 laser technology, 83 National Optical Astronomy Observatories, 13, 56, 88, 93, 115 see also Mirror technology Ozone layer, 127 p Particle astrophysics, 9, 26, 33, 36, 38, 42, 55, 70-71, 124-125 American Astronomical Association, 114, 150 cosmology, 47 dark matter, 49-51, 54, 71; see also Black holes neutrinos 9, 10, 26, 34, 37, 62, 68-69, 70, 124 protons, 26, 38, 62, 90 theory, 51, 111, 124 see also Cosmic rays Pease, F., 83 Pennsylvania State University, 56 Planetary astronomy, 8, 61 geophysics, 126 volcanoes, 32-33, 61 historical perspectives, 29, 31 interferometry, 23-24 WF/PC, 63, 64 see also specific planets Planetary atmospheres, see Atmospheric processes Planetary Data System, 98 Planetary formation and evolution, 9, 29-30, 72-73 accretion disks, 29-30, 35, 41-42, 72, 82 protoplanets, 29, 82 Pluto, 10, 33 Princeton University, 57 Private telescope initiatives, 56-57, 78 Professional associations American Astronomical Association, 114, 150 International Astronomical Union, 133 Project STAR, 122 Project 2061, 122 Protogalaxies, 8 Protoplanets, 29, 82

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From page 179...

... , 61 Solar neutrinos, 10, 26, 34, 62, 68-69, 70, 124 Solar oscillations, see Helioseismology Solar system asteroids, 31-32 comets, 31-32, 61 evolution, 29-30, 31, 35 see also terms beginning Planetary and specific planets Solar systems, other, 30-31, 104 Southern 8-m telescope, 5, 21, 74, 86, 88 Soviet Union, 51, 62, 63, 67, 70, 112, 134 Space-based research, general, 5, 1~16, 21, 23-24, 25-26, 62-68 archiving, 98 see also specific projects Space Exploration Initiative, 107-108 Space Infrared Telescope Facility (SIRTF) , 3 - , 15, 26, 30, 35, 38, 40, 43, 50, 63, 67, 68, 74, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80 Space Science in the 21st Century, 103 Space Shuttle, 62-63, 67-68, 89, 112, 118, 119 Space Telescope Imaging Spectrometer, 64 Space Telescope Science Institute, 63 Spectroscopic Survey Telescope, 56, 86 Stellar atmospheres, 83 Stellar evolution, 8, 34-38, 72-73, 104, 105 computer models, 91 neutron stars, 9, 36, 37, 64, 66 protostars, 29-30, 34-35, 75, 97 pulsars, 59 red giants, 36 supernovae, 9, 28, 36, 37-38, 54, 67, 70, 88, 91, 124 theory, 35, 36-38, 42 white dwarfs, 36, 37, 65 Stellar magnetic fields, 36, 85 Stellar variation, see Helioseismology Stever Report, 68 Steward Observatory Mirror Laboratory, 57 Strategic Defense Initiative, 113

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From page 180...

... , 5, 23, 25, 32, 35, 38, 67, 77, 78-79, 80 Submillimeter astronomy, 27, 60~1, 67, 75, 90, 105 CSO, 60, 75 from moon, 105, 108 SOFIA, 5, 23, 25, 32, 35, 38, 67, 77, 78-79, 80 SWAS, 63, 66 Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite (SWAS) , 63, 66 Sun, see Solar astronomy Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect, 53 Supernovae, 9, 28, 36, 37-38, 54, 67, 70, 88, 91, 124 T Taurus constellation, 30 Technology development, 26-27, 56, 68, 72 Telescopes, 1, 4-5, 26, 27, 39, 72, 159 atmospheric processes and error, 80, 82-83, 101, 104 consortia, 56-57, 96 international collaboration, 56, 61, 78-79, 96 moon-based, 103, 108, 109 see also Airborne telescopes; 8-m telescopes; 4-m telescopes; Infrared astronomy; Interferometry; Optical astronomy; Radio astronomy; 10-m telescopes; Ultraviolet astronomy Temperature effects and measurements, 126 intergalactic, 44 stellar, 33, 34-35, 42, 61 10-m telescopes, 10, 27, 39, 43, 44, 56, 78, 82, 83 Theoretical astrophysics, 12, 29, 31, 33, 55, 68-70 computer simulations, 30, 42, 48, 91, 97-98 galactic, 42, 43, 44, 48-49 gravity, 45, 50 particle physics, 51, 111, 124 stellar, 35, 36-38, 42 see also Cosmology Time standards, 132 Two-micron survey, 24 INDEX U Ultraviolet astronomy EUVE, 38, 65, 89, 119 FUSE, 5, 23, 38, 65, 89, 111-112, 119 IUE, 96, 117, 119, 133, 156 United Kingdom, 67, 129, 134 University of Arizona, 56, 57, 61, 86 University of California, 56 University of California, Berkeley, 60 University of Chicago, 57 University of Illinois, 60 University of Maryland, 60 University of Texas, 56 University of Washington, 57 University of Wisconsin, 56 University research, 56-57, 60-61, 88-89, 106, 114, 122-124 V Venus, 127 Very Large Array (VLA)

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From page 181...

... INDEX X X-ray astronomy, 27, 38, 42, 67, 105, 132 ASTRO, 68 ASTRO-D, 50, 67 AXAF, 15, 26, 34, 38, 42, 50, 53, 63, 64-65, 68, 76 dark matter, SO Einstein Observatory, 42, So, 64, 91, 96, 117 181 ROSAT, 50, 67 X-ray Timing Explorer (XTE) , 65-66, 89 y Yale University, 56 Zwicky, F., 36, 49 z

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Index Pages 173-182

Index
Pages 173-182