Biographical Memoirs Volume 59 (1990) / Chapter Skim
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Gottfried Samuel Fraenkel
Gottfried Samuel Fraenkel
Pages 168-195
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From page 169... ...
Although one might attribute his success as a pioneer in diverse areas behavior, endocrinology, nutrition, insect-plant interaction to his living in a period with few scientists ant} many uncharted fields, a reading of this biographical sketch reveals that many of his discoveries came during periods of political upheaval, economic harclship, and conflict with bosses not conditions generally consiclerect optimal for the advancement of basic research. His published contributions to musicology indicate that he was also adept at finding treasures in well-minec3 areas.
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From page 170... ...
Once there, he was immediately and irrevocably charmed by the enormous variety and beauty of Mediterranean invertebrate fauna. Already knowleclgeable about marine invertebrates from his course with Wolfgang van Buddenbrock at HeIgoland he began to experiment, in the short time available, with some jellyfish blown into the Naples harbor by a storm.
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From page 171... ...
S Bodenheimer, who immediately offered him a job as his assistant at the newly founded Zoology Laboratory of the Hebrew University in Jerusalem.
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From page 172... ...
His life and future scientific activity were immediately influenced by the fly, Calliphora erythrocephala, that he saw come in through an open window and deposit its eggs on a small piece of meat. He watched the larvae emerge from the eggs and grow and amid all the difficulties of a new language, a new culture, a new family, almost no salary, and using the most primitive tools—conceived the idea that, within a period of two months, resulted in the discovery of the blood-borne factor we now know to be the insect molting hormone, ecdysterone.
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From page 173... ...
By 1936, Fraenkel's reputation was such that he was offered a post in insect physiology perhaps the first full-time teaching position ever established in this discipline in the Department of Zoology and Applied Entomology at Imperial College of the University of Lonclon. When World War IT came, the Department was evacuated to Slough, and, to aid the war effort, the Pest Infestation Laboratory was created.
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From page 174... ...
At Illinois, with its strong chemistry department, he began a collaboration with Herbert Carter on his new "vitamin" that led to the isolation, crystallization, and identification of the Tenebr~o growth factor. He was clisappointec!
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From page 175... ...
In collaboration with a number of his students, he then examined the chemical basis of host selection, solidifying the theory. Fraenkel's early work with flies still intrigued him.
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From page 176... ...
He had a collector's eye for art objects and with his love of music" the decorative title pages of sheet music. In 1968 he published a book deriving from this avocation, Decorative Music Title Pages (Dover Press)
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From page 177... ...
GOTTFRIED SAMUEL FRAENKEL 177 School. Their father diect a few months after the death of his clevoteci wife of fifty-six years, Rachel Sobe!
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From page 178... ...
S Public Health Ser v~ce 1968 1972 1980 1982 1984 Member, National Academy of Sciences Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science Honorary Doctor, Francois Rabelais University, Tours Honorary Fellow, The Linnean Society, London Honorary Doctor, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem
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From page 179... ...
Untersuchungen uber Lebensgewohnheiten, Sinnesphysiologie und Sozialpsychologie der wandernden Larven der afrikanischen Wanderheuschrecke Sch~stocerca gregar~a (Forsk.~.
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From page 180... ...
Untersuchungen uber die Koordination von Reflexen und automatisch-nervosen Rhythmen bei Insekten.
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From page 181... ...
, 109:69-78. 1940 Utilization and digestion of carbohydrates by the adult blowfly.
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From page 182... ...
Biotin, B riboflavin, nicotinic acid, Be, and pantothenic acid as growth factors for insects.
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Linoleic acid and arachidonic acid in the metabolism of two insects, Ephestia knehniella (Lep.) and Tenebrio molitor (Col.~.
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From page 184... ...
Commun., l:ii. 1950 The nutrition of the meal worm, Tenebrio molitor L
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From page 185... ...
The amino acid requirements of the confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum Duval.
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From page 186... ...
Physiological effects of carbohydrates in the nutrition of a mosquito, Aedes aegypti and two flies, Sarcophaga bullata and Musca domestica.
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From page 187... ...
Common attractant for the tobacco hornworm, Protoparce sexta ~ Nathan.) and the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say)
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From page 188... ...
Die biologische Funktion der sekundaren Pflanzenstoffe im Allgemeinen und solcher Stoffe in Solanaceen im Besonderen. In: Chemie und Biochemie der Solanum-Alkaloide, Tagungsberichte 27, Int.
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From page 189... ...
The chemical basis of the host selection in the Mexican bean beetle, Epilachna varivestis (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae)
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From page 190... ...
The influence of nutrient chemicals on the feeding behavior of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
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From page 191... ...
Friedman. Hormonal control of turnover of tyrosine and tyrosine phosphate during tanning of the adult cuticle in the fly, Sarcophaga bullata.
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From page 192... ...
The physiological basis of anterior inhibition of puparium formation in ligated fly larvae.
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From page 193... ...
Actions of the juvenile hormone, 20-hydroxyecdysone and the oostatic hormone during oogenesis in the flies Phormia regina and Sarcophaga bullata.
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Food conversion efficiency by fleshily larvae, Sarcophaga bullata. Physiol.
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From page 195... ...
Extrication, the primary event in eclosion, and its neural control in Sarcophaga bullata.
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