Seismic Design of Geosynthetic-Reinforced Soil Bridge Abutments with Modular Block Facing (2012) / Chapter Skim
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CHAPTER 5 SHAKE TABLE TEST INTRODUCTION The full scale GRS bridge abutment test was performed at the U.S. Army Engineering Research and Development Center – Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (ERDC-CERL)
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100 MC10x28.5 channels were bolted together to create the two bridge girders. The concrete slabs and steel plates provided the dead load; the total dead load was 445 kN acting on a 6.7 m simply supported bridge.
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101 support for all of the columns to resist the lateral soil pressure. The wall was made adequately stiff to limit wall displacements to an acceptable level.
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102 CONSTRUCTION OF THE BRIDGE ABUTMENT MODEL Figure 5.4 shows the installation and compaction of the 20 cm thick foundation soil. The soil was placed and compacted in 10 cm lifts.
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103 Figure 5.4: Placement and Compaction of the First 10 cm Layer of Soil
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104 Figure 5.5: First Course of Block Placement
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105 Figure 5.6: Grouting the Top Three Courses of Blocks
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106 Figure 5.7: Completed GRS Abutment with the Bridge
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107 Figure 5.8: Elastomeric Pad Close-up Figure 5.9: Back View Showing the Two Rollers (Slide Bearings)
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108 INSTRUMENTATION The response of the bridge abutment model was measured using several sensor types: accelerometers, extensiometers, linear variable differential transducers (LVDTs) , pressure transducers, and strain gauges.
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109 Figure 5.10: Location of Accelerometers
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110 Figure 5.11: Location of Pressure Transducers, Strain Gauges and LVDTs Figure 5.12: P2 Sensor Measuring Lateral Pressure at 1st CMU Course
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111 Strain gauges were attached to geosynthetic layers 3, 6, 11 and 15 at the center of the model in the east-west direction (perpendicular to the plane of Figure 5.11)
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112 C5z) ; and the top surface of the soil near the south rigid wall (C6x and C6z)
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113 TEST MOTIONS On April 6, 2010, the bridge abutment model was tested using system identification tests as well as longitudinal sinusoidal wave tests. System Identification (SI)
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114 Sine-Sweep Tests at Increasing Amplitude Uniaxial sinusoidal tests were conducted in the longitudinal direction which coincides with the axis of the girders. The testing amplitude gradually increased while maintaining a set frequency.
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