Great Lakes Water Levels Shoreline Dilemmas : Report on a Colloquium (1989) / Chapter Skim
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Recreational facilities, hospitals and universities, estates, farms, housing developments, and simple vacation cottages compete with beach grass and marsh for a place at the water's edge. Still, the lakes retain much of
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Since the indigenous biota as well as human activities generally have adjusted to long-term average water levels, episodes of high or low water have been associated with periods of damage and disruption. Low water levels dry out wetlands, expose large areas of mudflats, and disrupt fish spawning.
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Such studies had been conducted before, generally yielding proposals for engineering works designed to permit increased regulation of connecting channel flow and, therefore, lake levels. Controls implemented to date include the compensating works at Sault Ste.
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The first day was devoted to an inspection tour of the Chicago shoreline and a slide presentation on its history, both led by Lee Botts, deputy commissioner for environmental protection of the city of Chicago, and a keynote address by Michael Ben-Eli, an expert on effective decision making in resource management planning. The colloquium resumed the following day, in the Founder's Room of the Field Museum of Natural History, for the presentation and discussion of the technical papers included in this volume.
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In particular, Larsen challenged the use of the term "normal" to describe any period of lake levels. Placing the recorded levels of the past 100 years into the context of a 2,000-year geologic record, he argued that historic fluctuations have been much larger, and recent mean levels much lower, than is generally believed.
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Pilkey discussed policy conflicts inherent in several federal programs, and mirrored in many state programs, in which one agency promotes and subsidizes shoreline development while other agencies try to discourage it. Atlantic Coast states have chosen different emphases for their programs, ranging from structural shoreline protection (New Jersey and Florida)
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Those directly affected by water level fluctuations (property owners, for example) are the first-level stakeholders; those indirectly affected (banks, insurance companies)
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A panel composed of Waltraud Brinkmann, Stanley Changnon, Richard Kosobud, Marie Sanderson, and Joel Smith addressed the controversial and sometimes elusive subject of global climate change. In particular, they were asked to consider the possible consequences of global climate change on Great Lakes water levels.
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After reaching record high levels in 1986, water levels began to fall, and the public sense of urgency waned soon thereafter. Many colloquium participants referred to this relationship between water levels and levels of public interests.
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Issue Papers and Provocateurs' Comments
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