Mine Rescue and Survival Interim Report (1969) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix A: Survival Subsystem
Appendix A: Survival Subsystem
Pages 15-21
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From page 15... ...
This device uses the catalyst hopcalite to convert carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide as the mine atmosphere is breathed through the self-rescuer. The name hopcalite refers to various mixtures of the oxides of manganese, copper, cobalt, and silver.
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From page 16... ...
even though there is no change in the work rate. Thus, although a few percent of carbon dioxide would not of itself be harmful, the effect of the gas is to increase the breathing rate of the wearer (possibly causing fatigue)
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From page 17... ...
Therefore, the chambers must be equipped with self-contained oxygen-producing and carbon dioxide removal systems. In the concept under consideration, all life support equipment -- oxygen supply, carbon dioxide removal agent, chemical light sources, food, water, blankets, oxygen level detectors, methane level detectors, carbon monoxide detectors, medical supplies, and perhaps a chemical toilet -- would be mounted on a wheeled cart or "red wagon.
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From page 18... ...
Numerous long-term tests have been run: in l960 the Air Force ran a 1-man, 168-hour test using potassium superoxide ; in l960 the Navy ran a 6-man, 8-day test using potassium superoxide ; and in 1964 the Boeing Company, under contract to NASA, performed a 5-man, 30-day sodium superoxide test. Currently potassium superoxide is used for oxygen production and carbon dioxide removal in several small research submersibles.
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From page 19... ...
For a system to evolve from existing technology, baralyme is probably the most attractive carbon dioxide removal agent. Although on a weight basis twice as much baralyme is required as lithium hydroxide, it does not have irritating properties and thus is easier to handle.
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From page 20... ...
With this type of system, an activated charcoal bed could be added to aid in removing undesirable odors, although this would not be absolutely necessary. The small refuge chamber would be designed to be frequently reestablished as mining advanced or retreated in a given section.
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From page 21... ...
Keating, Donald A and Konrad Weiswurm, "KO_ Passive Air Regeneration Studies for Manned Sealed Environments, " WADD TR 60-707, Wright Air Development Center, December l960.
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