The Effects of Atomic Radiation on Oceanography and Fisheries (1957) / Chapter Skim
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LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS ON THE UPTAKE, ACCUMULATION, AND LOSS OF RADIONUCLIDES BY MARINE ORGANISMS
LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS ON THE UPTAKE, ACCUMULATION, AND LOSS OF RADIONUCLIDES BY MARINE ORGANISMS
Pages 80-87
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From page 80... ...
For a unicellular alga, a few hours may represent chronic exposure, while a few weeks may be insufficient for a fish to reach a steady-state condition. No long-term repetitive feeding experiments have been done, so for the purpose of this report, we will discuss the metabolism of the various radionuclides solely on the basis of the trophic level concerned.
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From page 81... ...
very clearly show that different species of planktonic algae have remarkably different abilities to concentrate a particular element from the sea water medium. Algae were grown in the presence of radiostrontium obtained from Oak TABLE 1 THE DIFFERENTIAL UPTAKE OF RADIOACTIVE STRONTIUM AND YTTRIUM BY ALGAE Percentage Percentage activity activity from from Species strontium yttrium Carteria sp 100.0 0.0 Thoracomonas sp 50.4 49.6 Amphora sp 10.0 90.0 Navicula sp 8.5 91.5 Chromolina sp 8.2 91.8 Chlamydomonas sp 6.5 93.5 Nitzschia closterium 6.0 94.0 Nannochloris atomus 5.7 94.3 Chlorella sp 5.3 94.7 Porphyridium curentum .
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From page 82... ...
When TABLE 3 DISTRIBUTION OF RADIOACTIVITY IN OYSTERS FOLLOWING EXPOSURE TO SEA WATER CONTAINING SR* Per cent of total Tissues weight Mantle 2.5 Gills 1.7 Adductor muscle 1.9 Other 3.8 Total soft tissues 9.9 Shell .
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From page 83... ...
This represents a concentration factor of 17,000, since the zinc concentration of the sea water in which the oysters lived was about 10 mcgm/1. Ruthenium100 was one of the separated fission products used to study the uptake of particulate radioisotopes by organisms in the second trophic level.
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From page 84... ...
1413 179 148 amination of the larvae at zero time showed that the intestines were filled with the radioactive particulate material, but at 8 hours, very little material was left in the gut. Apparently little ruthenium was actually absorbed through the digestive tract.
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From page 85... ...
' -i 0 10 0 86 5 25 0 70 0 72 o4g 047 063 0 95 f1.33 0.030 0.004 \2.02 1.34 1.34 13.73 10.25 10.51 -- -- 0.065 -- -- -- -- 0.091 TABLE 7 THE INTERNAL DISTRIBUTION AND PERCENTAGE RECOVERY OF A DOSE OF 75 inc. OF SRW BY Tilapia Percentage Days after of total dose Tissue recovered 1 Skin 25.27 Eyes 0.35 Visceral organs 1.82 Gills 15.62 Muscle 5.65 Skeleton 51.30 TABLE 7 -- Continued Total .Skin Eyes Visceral organs Gills Muscle Skeleton Total .Skin Eyes Visceral organs Gills Muscle Skeleton Total 100.01 24.44 0.18 1.08 8.13 3.10 63.07 100.00 24.56 0.25 1.01 6.42 8.40 59.35 99.99 Days after dose Tissue .Skin Eyes Visceral organs Gills Muscle Skeleton Total Percentage of total recovered 22.79 0.33 1.14 10.11 3.01 62.62 100.01 uptake apparently levels off at a value which corresponds to a concentration factor of about 0.3.
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From page 86... ...
1 Based on skin and scales Dose per fish -- 6,100 mjtc Distribution after 12 hours Tissues 3 percent G 1 tract 24 percent Loss 73 percent (mostly excreted) other hand, continue to accumulate the cesium faster than they lose it.
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From page 87... ...
Although a considerable amount of particle settling occurred, the menhaden took up the ruthenium in the digestive tract, but the tissues of the fish did not become radioactive to an appreciable extent. Similar experiments using menhaden fed with Ru10« labelled Arbacia plutei, or Ru106 labelled Nannochloris cells, gave parallel results.
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