Development of Unconventional Hydrocarbon Resources in the Appalachian Basin Workshop Summary (2014) / Chapter Skim
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2 Geology, Resources, and Production
2 Geology, Resources, and Production
Pages 9-16
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These geological events created five main unconventional hydrocarbon plays in the northcentral Appalachian Basin: 1. Utica–Point Pleasant shales, which produce dry gas in the east (western Pennsylvania and central New York)
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3. Marcellus Shale, which is a low-clay, high-quartz shale that produces dry gas in northeastern Pennsylvania and more liquid-prone gas in southwestern Pennsylvania and northern West Virginia (Figure 2.1)
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3. Economically recoverable resources -- the subset of technically recoverable resources that can be produced at a profit, which is a function of market conditions.
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government is working to fill gaps in knowledge about reserves in other countries, and Boswell answered that the USGS and the EIA have recently issued reports about global shale resources.1 Another participant asked for the current average estimated ultimate recovery values for wells in the Marcellus and the Utica shales. Boswell deferred to Joseph Frantz, who guessed that they are 6–25 billion cubic feet (BCF)
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Frantz also touched on some safety and environmental measures undertaken by industry, including using multiple layers of casing, cemented back to the surface, through groundwater zones; placing rubber containment under every piece of equipment that could leak; using impoundments and temporary lines to store and transfer water to the wells, thereby reducing truck traffic; and improving facilities to capture fugitive emissions. Future improvements include further reducing the surface footprint of production and using less water.
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WORKING GROUP REPORTS Each working group was asked to consider the following themes: • Geology and hydrocarbon resources -- Estimated resources of natural gas, oil, and/or natural gas liquids and current and projected production levels in the main hydrocarbon-bearing geologic formations in and around the Appalachian Basin (e.g., Marcellus, Utica, and Devonian shales) ; • Technical and engineering processes -- Current and prospective technical and engineering processes for exploration and production of hydrocarbons from unconventional resources; and
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Some workshop participants suggested creating a common vision for developing shale gas (e.g., number of wells, expected revenue) or using common terminology to facilitate collaboration across academic, government, and industry sectors.
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