Development of Unconventional Hydrocarbon Resources in the Appalachian Basin Workshop Summary (2014) / Chapter Skim
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1 Introduction
1 Introduction
Pages 1-8
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Opponents of unconventional hydrocarbon development identify potential problems such as contamination of surface water and groundwater, depletion of water resources, fragmentation and loss of habitat, public health effects, induced seismicity, air pollution, and increased greenhouse gas emissions due to leakage of natural gas. Each state with potential shale gas resources has largely sought its own balance in developing the resource and safeguarding the environment (e.g., Wiseman, 2012)
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3 At the request of West Virginia University, the National Research Council organized a workshop to examine the geology and unconventional hydrocarbon resources of the Appalachian Basin; technical methods for producing unconventional hydrocarbons and disposing of wastewater; the potential effects of production on the environment; relevant policies and regulations; and priorities for future scientific and engineering research (see Box 1.1)
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As appropriate, the workshop will also include presentations on relevant state and federal water quality laws, regulations, and permitting processes, as well as relevant land-use and land manage ment policies. Following the workshop, the National Research Council will issue an individually authored summary of the workshop, prepared by a designated rapporteur.
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. The workshop concluded with some brief thoughts by planning committee members and other workshop participants.
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First, the site is prepared by clearing and leveling the land surface and constructing the production infrastructure, including a well pad for the drilling rig and other equipment, an access road to the well pad, reserve pits to manage drilling fluid and cuttings, and compression stations to facilitate the transport of gas. In Pennsylvania, the average size of a Marcellus Shale well pad is about 3 acres, and an additional 6 acres are occupied by roads, pipelines, and water impoundments (Johnson, 2010)
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and a small-diameter production tubing string. The conductor casing prevents surface soil from caving into the well; the surface casing seals off freshwater aquifers; and intermediate casing seals off any saltwater zones.
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The views contained in the report are those of individual workshop participants and do not necessarily represent the views of all workshop participants, the planning committee, or the National Research Council.
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