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Constraints on U.S. Agricultural Production and Research: Federal Regulations and Legislation
Constraints on U.S. Agricultural Production and Research: Federal Regulations and Legislation
Pages 48-54
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From page 48... ...
Most of them are well recognized and discussed in the literature: for instance, arbitrary pricing policies for inputs and outputs; inadequate credit and marketing institutions; lack of modern inputs; poorly functioning teaching, research, and extension institutions; and inequitable and impractical land tenure arrangements. Less well understood, however, and somewhat paradoxical, is the increasing chain of constraints that bear directly on the generation and adoption of technology in the U.S.
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From page 49... ...
Soil conservation practices have been employed where economically and physically feasible. But to fully constrain all movement of soil and chemicals essential to crop production from much of the nation's agricultural land by 1985, as called for under the Act, may entail major changes in cultural practices, land use patterns, types of crops grown, and in the conventional handling of dairy and beef cattle as well.
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From page 50... ...
PUBLIC LAW 92-516 FEDERAL ENVIRONMENTAL PESTICIDE CONTROL ACT OF 1972 This Act, administered by EPA, regulates through a process of registration the availability and use of all agricultural pesticides on the basis of benefits and risks to environmental and human safety. The agricultural chemical industry provides the scientific data on which the agency bases its decision whether or not to register a product for use.
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From page 51... ...
The NAS has since identified a broad spectrum of toxicants occurring naturally in food, but the possibilities of introducing new toxicants through genetic manipulation aimed at developing new varieties to repel, inhibit, or kill pests have not been considered. If such toxic constituents occur in the edible portion of the food crop, the FDA regulations must be observed and toxicological studies undertaken to determine the hazard to human health.
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From page 52... ...
Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences.
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