Science of Science and Innovation Policy Principal Investigators' Conference Summary (2014) / Chapter Skim
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1 Introduction and Background
1 Introduction and Background
Pages 1-8
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What may be the long-term effects in the United States of the disappearance of big private-sector research labs doing basic research? Data Extraction and Manipulation What is the value of new data, metrics, and indicators that are becoming available to illuminate science and engineering policy questions?
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The STAR METRICS program develops tools and mechanisms for measuring federal expenditures on scientific activities, with particular focus on quantifying productivity and employment outcomes. Having made five rounds of research awards, the SciSIP program directors recognized the need for a summative showcase of the productivity and contributions of 1 Dr.
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Presentations by SciSIP researchers will focus on several themes, such as: return on investment models; organizational structures that foster accelerated scientific productivity; linkages between commercialized scientific knowledge and job creation; the roles of universities and government in technology transfer and innovation; technology diffusion and economic growth; non-economic impacts of science and innovation expenditures; regional and global networks of knowledge generation and innovation; mechanisms for encouraging creativity and measuring outputs and outcomes from transformative research; and development, manipulation and visualization of data representing scientific activities. A designated rapporteur will prepare an independently-authored summary of the workshop.
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Three plenary sessions brought together policy makers from different scientific domains and areas of influence, experts from the natural sciences that are often studied by SciSIP researchers, and SciSIP researchers who have produced results that have been useful in the policy domain. Nine concurrent sessions highlighted advances in various substantive and methodological domains of the emerging field of the science of science and innovation policy.
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7 Although the three workshops addressed opportunities for different 6 Several conference participants reflected on the importance of Marburger's speech in light of longstanding discussions on funding priorities among scientific disciplines and other difficult issues of science policy (see Chapter 2)
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Collectively, they articulated the following areas that are ripe for research that could assist science and innovation decision making: • linkages of scientific advances and innovation to economic growth, productivity, and other measures of economic and social well-being; • institutional and organizational environments that foster or forestall innovation and creativity; • the political economy of science, technology, and innovation policy; • evidence and expertise in science-intensive decision making; and • the impact of science, technology, and innovation on global economic, social, and environmental change. assistant director and Mark Weiss, Edward Hackett, and Lynda Carlson directed the BCS, SES, and SRS divisions, respectively.
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The projects can be categorized as follows: human capital development and the collaborative enterprise; returns to international knowledge flows; creativity and innovation; knowledge production systems; and implications of science policy. The program has grown in subsequent years.
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8 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND community. The results of these projects were the focus of the conference, for which the proceedings are summarized in the remainder of this report.
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