Marine Aquaculture Opportunities for Growth (1992) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix B: Freshwater Aquaculture in the United States
Appendix B: Freshwater Aquaculture in the United States
Pages 232-240
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From page 232... ...
aquaculture relative to the importance of the food species. Catfish Catfish farming is, far and away, the major aquaculture success story in the United States.
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From page 233... ...
, a food virtually ignored by consumers in much of the United States but highly popular in parts of Europe. Louisianians have also, for many years, practiced a simple form of aquaculture for the most popular and abundant species, the red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkiiJ and, to a lesser extent, the white river crayfish (P.
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TroutlSalmon Trout culture is undoubtedly the oldest form of freshwater aquaculture in the United States, having been introduced from Europe more than 100 years ago to provide or enhance sport fishing in both private and public waters. Today, more than 200 million trout of several species are reared in some 350 state and federal hatcheries for distribution to public waters for sport fishing.
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From page 235... ...
The fish accept artificial formulated feed as soon as the yolk sac is absorbed, and appropriate formulations have been developed for each stage of their growth and development. Although several species of trout are hatchery reared for sport fishing, the cultivation of trout for food has been restricted largely to the rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri now called Ancorynchus mykiss)
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From page 236... ...
The fish are grown, for the most part, in small earthen ponds averaging about 200 m2 in area, usually below the water table, so that they must be pumped dry for cleaning and water exchange. In hot weather, they may require aeration and, in cold weather, continuous pumping of deep, rela
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From page 237... ...
Antibiotics, drugs, and chemicals are used as needed for disease, pest, and weed control, but practices tend to be empirical and are far from standardized in the industry. A study by the Florida Game and Freshwater Fish Commission estimated that the state's tropical fish industry consisted of some 215 full-time fish farmers utilizing an area of 433 hectares with an annual value to the growers of $26 million in sales (Knox and Drda, 1982-1983~.
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From page 238... ...
The intensive culture method, involving heavy application of high-protein feed, pumping large volumes of water, the use of liquid oxygen, and a high capital investment for tanks and equipment, imposes a break-even cost of $4 to $5/kg for the product to the grower. If wild stocks of striped bass return to the East Coast in abundance, as appears now to be the case, the cost of rearing the hybrid striped bass in captivity must be lowered significantly, perhaps by the use of less intensive pond culture technology, for the industry to prove viable (Van 01st and Carlberg, 1990~.
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From page 239... ...
is another anadromous fish that grows equally well in salt water or hard fresh water. It has been cultured primarily in California, where the industry has expanded rapidly over the past five years, and the product has been marketed routinely at attractive prices.
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From page 240... ...
Florida Game and Freshwater Fish Commission on Aquaculture Project.
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