Making a World of Difference Engineering Ideas into Reality (2014) / Chapter Skim
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1989 The Shrinking Globe
1989 The Shrinking Globe
Pages 18-28
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From page 18... ...
in the United States had launched the Human Genome Project. Within a few years the project would grow into an international collaborative effort to decipher the human genetic code governing heredity and its consequences, including hereditary diseases.
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During his tenure at IPTO, Licklider funded research for three seminal developments in information technology -- creation of computer science and engineering departments at several major universities, time-sharing, and networking. His ideas and the work of the many people he sponsored led, directly or indirectly, to the interconnected information age we live in today.
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From page 20... ...
Ray ARPANET. By 1991, centers to regional networks, local academic phenomenal collaboration among engineers in Tomlinson, who worked for ARPANET contrac- the volume of traffic networks, and ARPANET -- creating, in other academia, government, and the private sector.
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From page 21... ...
The sense of being the only user fore- difficult to locate material relevant to their own ing the site's physical host along with the name shadowed the personal computer revolution to come. research.
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Other innovative "dot-com" shown at CERN with the NeXT software called a browser to retrieve, present, center, including fellow student Eric Bina, companies founded in the 1990s included the computer he or navigate information resources on the devised a graphically enhanced Web browser Internet retailer Amazon and the search engine used to invent Web. Berners-Lee's browser was called called Mosaic, which was released free over Google, which intended to make all information the World Wide Web, wrote his WorldWideWeb because at the time it was the Internet in 1993.
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From page 23... ...
expansion of the universe is accelerating, which astronomers now believe is evidence of "dark energy." The ISS, the Hubble Space Telescope, and many smaller Automotive engineers responded to those emissions. In 1981 an engineering team led by probes and spacecraft embody the engineering that has challenges by developing new techniques Carl Keith and John Mooney at Engelhard made it easier to reach outer space while producing tech- and improving devices that processed vehicle Corporation designed the three-way catalytic nologies that benefit the Earth below.
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From page 24... ...
Existing technologies such as coal with design techniques that improved crash scrubbers were improved and installed at many tolerances. Along with other safety measures, power plants, where they captured significant such as road safety engineering and speed amounts of sulfur dioxide, the major contributor regulations, the incorporation of devices such to acid rain, before the exhaust was released as seatbelts, airbags, antilock brakes, and into the atmosphere.
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In 1979, 72 nuclear power plants were contributing nearly Although reducing carbon emissions was a licensed reactors produced 12 percent of the 22 percent of electricity produced in the United nonstarter, efforts to find cleaner sources of nation's electrical output. Responding to public States -- a figure that has changed little since.
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From page 26... ...
During the 1970s and '80s, an effective way to nique, known as base isolation, involves placing buffer buildings of average height against bearings made of rubber or other shock-abearthquakes was developed collaboratively by sorbing materials between the ground and the structural engineers such as William Robinson base of a structure. Oakland City Hall (right)
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From page 27... ...
using robotic arms to perform meticulous and repetitive lab procedures -- helped researchers advance toward the goal of fully automated sequencing techniques, Knowing Ourselves: Biomedical Engineering allowing them to transcribe and decipher I n 1953, molecular biologist James Watson and British biophysicist Francis Crick determined the base pair code much more quickly and the double helix structure of the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) that makes up our chromo- efficiently than predicted.
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From page 28... ...
studies of our genetic instruction book and Before the end of the 20th century, medical how it influences health and disease." The advances that earlier generations would have Breakthroughs in the 1980s in biocompatible creative engineering that speeded the labori- dismissed as fantasy -- the creation of new organs materials and orthopedic biomechanics have led ous task of mapping the human genome also and organisms in laboratories -- had become to artificial skin, as well as to artificial hip and knee helped make DNA analysis for individuals more possible. Engineering advances not only in replacements.
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