Effects on Populations of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation (1972) / Chapter Skim
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Chapter IV ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT AND EFFECTS OF RADIONUCLIDES I Introduction 22 II.
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Chapter IV ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT AND EFFECTS OF RADIONUCLIDES I Introduction Previous considerations of radiation protection have by and large ignored any possible effects of radiation on the environment - on organisms other than man.
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receptors of interest in the biosphere. A comprehensive document in this area is "Meteorology and Atomic Energy" edited by D
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C. Natural Radionuclides Most of the natural radioactivity in the atmosphere is due to radon and its daughter products, 218Po, 214Pb, 214Bi, and 214Po which become attached to submicron aerosols.
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H. SNAP (Systems for Nuclear Auxiliary Power)
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would be local in nature and there would be repopulation and recovery of the ecosystem with time. On the other hand, planned releases that could be more widespread would involve radioactivity at such low levels that any effect on fecundity or mortality of fish stocks could not alter the fish population as a food resource.
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0.2 microcuries of 00Fe per square meter in 1963 or 1964.
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Irrigation may be an important process in the recycling of radionuclides from water to terrestrial food chains. In furrow irrigation, plants can become contaminated by uptake of radionuclides added to the soil; in sprinkler irrigation there is the additional direct contamination from the wetting of foliage.
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leaves; floral contamination, which is entrapment and absorption in inflorescends; and plant-base absorption, which is entry into the basal tissues of shoots or superficial roots by material initially lodged on them or washed down by rain from the foliage. Material is deposited on plants by dust or other particulate matter, precipitation or sprays.
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pattern, it is difficult to conceive of significant harm to plant populations at radiation exposures that could occur under conditions which were acceptable to man.
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amounts depending largely upon the morphology of the foliage as described in the previous section. Uptake by roots from the soil presents a continuing source of contamination to planteating species.
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of Sr/Ca ratios in diets and milk (OR milk/diet = 9°Sr/Ca in milk 4- 9°Sr/Ca in diet as measured at steady state)
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daily intake of contaminating material 5 to 10 times higher than if they were feeding on green plants (210, 211)
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what type of radioactivity is released; (b) how are these materials moved through the environment; (c)
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Rice University Semicentennial Series, University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
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ogy and Medicine, AEC, Washington, D.C.
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(107) Marei, A
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(148) Cawse, P
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(I#7) Ekman, L..
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