Finding Common Ground U.S. Export Controls in a Changed Global Environment, Commissioned Papers (1991) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix B
Appendix B
Pages 115-130
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From page 117... ...
B whereas there is considerable interlocking between science and industry in Weston Europe and the USA as witnesses, anon' other things, by the farce n - ber of pos:-coctor.t students eno [eecin' scientist' of European origin in the USA ano the tac: that output try American companies in Western Europe cxeeeds total US exports, Arm din that ~ technicet teed in any field obtained anywhere in the West is taken up ty .~t incu~try in the Nest, .
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From page 118... ...
whereas US Government pot icy is of f ~ci3~1y just if fed as and dined Solely at preventing eititaritv critical technology free becoming eveitebLe to the Eastern bLoe anG not all technology with military applications, S whereas in practice, however, the USA is indeed endeavouring to prevent the Eastern bloc.
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From page 119... ...
whereas, as ~ result of the extreterritorial operet ion of US export leg, `tation, European multinationals,for which the USA is important either as ~ supplier of know-how or components or as en outlet for their products, avoid the Eastern European market where this clearly jeepardises both their suppt its from America, and even more important, juridical ty, their proper f reedom of sa Lee there, whereas, according to ~ recent CIA estimate, 70X of the mini ly useful technology acqui red by the Soviet lJnion is acqu, red contrary to the abovementioned US Laws and that i t has not been able to stop the transfer of new technology generally agreed to be deleterious to western defeater R whereas the foregoing factors heve led rightly or wrongly to ~ common view in Europe that US provisions which exceed those agreed by COCON are in pert motivated by general national co~er~ist considerations emanating from poLiticaL rather than business circles, 1.
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From page 120... ...
Confisn~ the necessity of ~ ~ agreement ~ Oscar ~ prevent the exert: of militarily critice1 technology tO Eastern Blue; is Ever of the - Anion mat: the semi list aught to ma revised Nero req~sI=ly in order to Eve promo fmn me Itat which can no lamer be reger~ As m:~:tarily critical; the controls on the transfer of technology bet - #in ami Hers themselves and between axed Avers and third candies that undertake to respect ~ Ales should be dismantled as swiftly ~ possible and that the efforts undertaken ~ =~ should be aimed at ensuring proper abxrvance of me Untruly al on unde- nations legislation; - pros list by a=M arid of US origin sod not Are an a~it:.oml US retort licenee if they are reexported fran AS c~ntties under OXXM rules: PI 59 II PE 103 `~`
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From page 121... ...
Rei terates the need for greater cooperat ion in the fra~evoric of Community research and industrial policy with a view to improving European standards in the f ield of advanced technology, especial ly data processing, automation, biotechnology, air and space travel, new materials and telecommunications; Requests the Counci l and Commission to bring their influence to bear on the USA wi th a view to achieving an unrestricted transfer of technology between the USA and the Community; Requests the Commissic~r' to forward tn Purl ia~ent and Council a prc~posal for the principles governing technology transfer to and fro. undertakings in the European Communi ty; 2, Instructs its President to forward this resolution to the Commission, Counci and parliaments of the Member States.
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From page 122... ...
. having regard so she results of the Ve:sailles meeting conccr~ir~g COCOM held on 27 and 28 January 198t, _ having regard to the agrcemcot an mutual recognition and cooperatian signed between CON¢ECObJ and the £C in Junk 1988 and she resulting prospects for improved economic and political relations between System and West em Europe.
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From page 123... ...
Recognizes that American industry suffers the trade consequences of the export restrictions imposed by the Export Administration Act and the COCOA lists and that European industry often spaces serious trade consequences and job losses as ~ result of these same restncttons; 4. Doubts the effecti~cness of some restrictive measures when the same products can be obtained on other markets and Ireland has not joined COCOA; takes the view, accordingly, that the COCOA list should bc confined to Icading~dgc defencc technology; S
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From page 124... ...
Calls on the Commission to submit to Parl~amcot proposals concerning the principles that should gamin transfers of technology between the EEC and the countncs to which the COCOA list currently applies; these pnnc.ples should be based upon the real industrial interests of Community countries and firms; I 4. Takes a favourable view of the c.~.orts made in VersaiDe.s to rationalize and sirr.plify the COCOA mechanisms with a View to hindering as little as possible purely commercial Eastern est trade; I S
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From page 125... ...
of the enYis-or=ent in the above countries, caused primarily by eve use of outdated technology, and aware of the need lose determined action; JO reduce ~coxic emiselone in Bestern Europe, D having regard to the need to Then pes`-~tsropear: cooperatio:' and to est"~sh a Sackful order ire Europe under the rSCE, E .
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From page 126... ...
ovary effort to persuade the COCOM Ccmmit:oo to declare that the COCOM list will no - 'anger be applied to county evolving towards ~ demccratie soctatys 3. I:~structs Lts approprLa~ce committee to draw up a report on the subject; 4.
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From page 127... ...
water purification plant specially designed for military use (c) military command relay electrical equipment 14.
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From page 128... ...
production, stockpiling and use of chemical weapons and on their deswc~on; Where: di.~cu.~;ioncs in the context of Euro: Pc~l~t~c:'l Cooperation led notably on 14 Pchn~asy 1989 to ~ consensus that i: is necessary to take urgent measures to control the export of certain chemical products which could be used for Me production of such ~capons; Whereas rho European Parliament adopted on 19 January 1989 a resolution on Tic proliferation of chemical weapons; Whereas ArticIc ;0 (5) of the Single European Act laid down that the cxtesnal policies of chc European Commur~i~ and the policies arced in European Political Cooperation must be consistent; Whereas the inrercs~s of the Member Suites and of the Communiry require that the cxpon of certain chemical products which could be used for the production of chemical we;lpens be regulated by means of urgent, cffeci~vc messlsrcs; whereas the Member Sates therefore decided to adopt a Council regulation pursuant to the Treary establishing Me European Economic Community, and.
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From page 129... ...
Phosphcn~s tachlonde 8. I.nmeth~rl phosphirc A.~A'EX List of chemical products -126— For talc COunfi 77~` Pro .
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From page 130... ...
. having regard so she rcsutts of the Versailles meeting conccr~ir~g COCOM held on 27 and 28 January 198t, _ having regard to the agrcemcot an mutual recognition and cooperation signed between COb¢ECObJ and the £C in Junk 1988 and she resulting prospects for improved economic and political relations between System and west eon Europe.
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