Trace-Element Geochemistry of Coal Resource Development Related to Environmental Quality and Health (1980) / Chapter Skim
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COAL CLEANING, STORAGE, AND TRANSPORT
COAL CLEANING, STORAGE, AND TRANSPORT
Pages 57-63
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From page 57... ...
COAL CLEANING Coal cleaninq is conventionally based on the principle that the particles of crushed coal differ from each other in the relative proportions of included mineral matter and orqanic combustible material. Most coal cleaninq occurs at or near the mininq area, often just before the coal is transported.
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From page 58... ...
Slurry water was also elevated in total soluble salt content, with an electrical conductivity of 3.1 mmho/cm, correspondinq to approximately 2000 ppm of total dissolved solids. Calcium, sodium, and maqnesium were the dominant cationic species contributinq to the salinity of the slurry water (A.
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From page 59... ...
of the Geological Society of America has noted the need to control coal dust during handling and storage to prevent dust explosion and spontaneous combustion hazards. They also recognized that trace metals may be leached or redistributed from coal storage areas, resulting in localized elevated levels of trace-metal concentrations.
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From page 60... ...
It is doubtful that the storage or transport methods currently in use in the United States will present any severe hazards, because most existing difficulties could be rather easily controlled by feasible and economical methods of wetting, covering, or otherwise limiting potential water-leachate or blowing-dust problems. HEALTH EFFECTS Occupational Health Occupational health impacts from trace metals mobilized during coal transport are unknown, but worker exposure might occur through inhalation of coal dust during loading and unloading of the coal.
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From page 61... ...
In the Northwest and Southwest reqions, trains are the primary mode of coal transport; barqe and truck contributions to air pollution are neqliqible by comparison. Public health impacts of trace metals mobilized durinq coal transport are not known.
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From page 62... ...
r> u TABLE 14 Ratios of Amounts of Trace Elements and Iron Mobilized into Air by Steam-Electric Plant Coal Combustion to Amount Mobilized by Coal Supply Process in 1975, by Metal and Regiona,b Re ion Metal Appalachia Central Northwest Southwest Range of Magnitudes Arsenic 2 1 0.3 0 5 0.1-1 Beryllium 20 40 10 600 10-100 Cadmium 300 3,000 20 7 1-1,000 Chromium 100 300 70 300 10-100 Copper 9 20 9 40 1-10 0\ Iron 10,000,000 40,000,000 300,000 80,000,000 lOO,o02-10,ooo,ooo "' Lead 100 500 20 700 10-100 Mercury 4,000 2,000 60,000 2,000 1,000-10,000 Nickel 500 400 50 200 10-100 Vanadium 70 60 1,000 200 10-1,000 Zinc 60 60 800 300 10-100 asource: Appendix C bincludes extraction (underground, strip, and auger)
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From page 63... ...
As with AMD from mines, water supplies are affected, but the direct impact on public health is not known (NRC Study Conunittee to Assess the Feasibility of Returning Underground Coal Mine Wastes to the Mined-Out Areas, 1975)
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