Body Composition and Physical Performance Applications for the Military Services (1990) / Chapter Skim
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6 Army Data: Body Composition and Physical Capacity
6 Army Data: Body Composition and Physical Capacity
Pages 89-104
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From page 89... ...
Body composition associations with exercise capacity are less well defined mathematically but nevertheless are quite evident. For example, it is apparent that there is a relationship between marathon running performance and a body type characterized by leanness and modest muscle mass, or between football defensive linemen and a large muscle mass and modest-tohigh levels of body fat (BF)
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From page 90... ...
with the major components of physical performance capacity aerobic power and strength and present new data on these relationships in a large Army population. Emphasis is placed on how these relationships might be used to establish BF standards for the U.S.
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From page 91... ...
RESULTS Body Composition and Performance Capacity Related to Age The U.S. Army's BF standards are established according to age, using arbitrary age groupings set some years ago.
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From page 92... ...
92 Ct o a +1 Cal .
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From page 93... ...
93 I +1 1 - ° Cal · 4 o ~5 em ~3 .~ Cal a o l rat l U
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From page 94... ...
Relative lift capacity (kg lift per kg of body weight) changes with percent BF because of the changing denominator.
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From page 95... ...
Relationship to Fitness Standards Although a stated purpose of the U.S. Army's BF standards is to ensure adequate physical performance capacity (U.S.
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From page 96... ...
Percent body fat FIGURE 6-3 A, Scatter plot illustrating the relationship between VO2 maX and percent body fat in men. VO2 maX = 58.254 - .544 percent body fat; r = -.60; Standard Error of the Estimate (SEE)
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From page 97... ...
FIGURE 6-4 Scatter plots illustrating the relationship between maximal lift capacity (MLC) and fat-free mass (FFM)
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From page 98... ...
An example of such a plot for the youngest male age group is shown in Figure 6-6, which identifies the percent BF that corresponds to the 2-mile run score requirement. The figure shows a very good correspondence between the aerobic fitness requirement and the BF standard that had been previously established for this age group, 20 percent BF.
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From page 99... ...
Thus for men, the established BF standard agrees with the percent BF found in this population for the passing 2-mile run score for the two youngest age groups, which makes up a large share of the U.S. Army, but not for the two older groups.
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From page 100... ...
at least for BF, is added insurance for achieving the desired level of fitness. Because fitness tests are not perfect measures of capacity, nor is fitness capacity a perfect indicator of job performance ability, a BF standard, in this case percent BF, would be an additional indica
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From page 101... ...
This risk, along with the added relationships between BF and appearance or health, at least in the military and public safety arenas, seems to justify the desirability of body composition standards in addition to fitness standards. With respect to the appropriate expressions of physical capacity, body composition is important when contrasting fitness capacities between genders or between individuals of different body size or stature.
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From page 102... ...
U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Mass.
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From page 103... ...
U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Mass.
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