Rodents (1996) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
2 RESPONSIBILITIES OF ANIMAL CARE AND USE COMMITTEES
2 RESPONSIBILITIES OF ANIMAL CARE AND USE COMMITTEES
Pages 6-15
The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.
From page 6... ...
, has the same requirement for each PHS-funded institution that uses live vertebrates. Program oversight is more than semiannual facility inspections and protocol reviews; it places a more global responsibility on the IACUC for general oversight of the animal program.
|
From page 7... ...
Each research protocol should include the following information, much of which is required by the AWRs, PHS Policy, or both: . animal; the purpose of the study; · the rationale for selection of the species and the numbers of animals to be used; · the strain, sex, and age of the animals to be used; · the living conditions of the animals, particularly special housing and husbandry requirements; the experimental methods and manipulations; justification of multiple major survival surgeries on any individual preprocedural and postprocedural care and medications; procedures that will be undertaken to avoid or minimize more than momentary discomfort, pain, and distress, including, where appropriate, the use of anesthetics, analgesics, and tranquilizers; · if experimental manipulation is likely to cause more than momentary or slight pain or distress that for scientifically valid reasons cannot be relieved by appropriate drugs, the process undertaken to ensure that there are no appropriate alternatives (some types of research, such as trauma studies and studies in which death is the end point, are particularly sensitive in this regard)
|
From page 8... ...
Many committees rely on additional review by experts (either on or outside the committee) in specific subjects; for example, a veterinarian should review protocols for appropriateness of the proposed anesthesia and analgesia, and a statistician might review statistically complicated study designs.
|
From page 9... ...
Many protocols are subjected to extensive, external scientific review as part of the funding process; in such instances, the IACUC can be relatively assured of appropriate scientific review. For studies that will not undergo outside review for scientific merit, many IACUCs require signoff by the investigators, department chairmen, or internal review committees; this makes signers responsible for providing assurance that the proposed studies have been designed and will be performed "with due consideration of their relevance to human or animal health, the advancement of knowledge, or the good of society" (NRC, 1996, p.ll6; PHS, 1996, p.l)
|
From page 10... ...
Depending on the audience and the topic, it might not be necessary to provide a high degree of detail. For example, the discussion of survival surgery should familiarize the audience with regulations and acceptable standards for surgical procedures and postsurgical care, but it need not provide details of specific surgical methods, which would be important only to those performing or assisting with the surgery or postsurgical care.
|
From page 11... ...
Training is provided in various ways. Many people are qualified in animal care, use, or specific procedures by having formal training in degree or certification programs (e.g., veterinarians certified in laboratory animal medicine, certified animal technologists and technicians, and physicians with surgical specialties)
|
From page 12... ...
The program can also serve the animals being maintained by screening employees for zoonotic diseases and, where appropriate, providing immunizations that will minimize the likelihood of introduction of zoonotic agents into the animal facility. The design of an occupational health and safety program should be based on a careful review of the potential hazards that exist in the animal facilities.
|
From page 13... ...
Specific safety procedures designed to minimize the risk of exposure should be developed in consultation with appropriate health and safety professionals. The gathering of pre-employment health information by questionnaire, physical examination conducted by a physician, or both might be deemed appropriate, provided that such information is related specifically to evaluating the employee's potential for carrying zoonotic organisms or having predisposing conditions (e.g., allergies, immunosuppression, pregnancy, and heart disease)
|
From page 14... ...
An important component of the occupational health and safety program is employee education. Each institution should have in place a course of study consisting of lectures or seminars, self-help materials, or both to instruct personnel who work with animals about zoonoses, allergies to animals, the importance of personal hygiene, special risks associated with pregnancy, and other appropriate topics.
|
From page 15... ...
it is important that there be equal oversight of the use of experimental agents not usually thought of as hazardous, such as some categories of agents for human therapy, fresh tissue from humans or animals, cultured cell lines that might harbor pathogens, and volatile anesthetics. A list of publications pertaining to regulations and guidelines for the use of hazardous agents can be found in the Guide (NRC, 1996 et seq.~.
|
Key Terms
This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More
information on Chapter Skim is available.