Influence of Geotechnical Investigation and Subsurface Conditions on Claims, Change Orders, and Overruns (2016) / Chapter Skim
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7 chapter two LITERATURE REVIEW Five topics of interest to the role of subsurface investigation on claims, change orders, and cost overruns were reviewed and provide the outline for this chapter. • Transportation agency standards for subsurface investigation.
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8 that 64% of agencies anticipated an increase in their use of CPT. Indeed, Badger's survey (2015)
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9 EFFECT OF SUBSURFACE INVESTIGATION ON CLAIMS, CHANGE ORDERS, AND COST OVERRUNS Gould (1995) provided useful information regarding how geotechnical construction risks are affected by subsurface investigation.
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10 limited subsurface investigation costs that experienced only modest cost overruns. These projects, and, in general, the vertical variation of the data points for a given level of subsurface investigation suggest there are other factors that affect the amount of the cost overrun.
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11 recommendations by the Underground Technology Research Council (UTRC) as follows: • Include a changed-condition clause in the construction contract.
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12 as design-build, which "disperse design responsibility," is likely to increase ground-related problems unless changes are made to subsurface investigation practices. Clayton's prediction is consistent with the observations of Gransberg and Loulakis's (2012)
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