Safe Mobility for Older Americans (2005) / Chapter Skim
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2Research History Historically, research on older drivers has followed three distinct periods andareas of inquiry. First, in the 1970s, research focused on whether older driversrepresented a problem.
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RESEARCH HISTORY 7 FIGURE 2 Driver fatalities and injuries by age, related to population, number of driver licenses, and mileage driven, 1997. Killed and injured drivers per 10,000 population Killed and injured drivers per 10,000 licensed drivers Killed and injured drivers per 100 million miles driven Number 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 16–19 20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44 44–49 Age group 50–54 55–59 60–64 65–69 70–74 75–79 80–84 85+ FIGURE 3 Crash involvement rate per 100 million vehicle miles traveled.
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While safety is and will continue to be a concern, researchers coming of age in the 1990s have been more likely to balance the traditional focus on safety with a broader discussion of transportation and mobility needs. In 1986, the Transportation Research Board (TRB)
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about the special needs of older persons and speculated on how those emerging needs might affect future mobility and safety (Schieber 2004)
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Overall health conditions have also been explored in relation to their impact on the driving ability of older adults. For example, Campbell et al.
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movements were restricted, older drivers failed to compensate as compared with younger drivers, who successfully offset the physical limitation. In a study of lower limb strength, Marottoli et al.
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SAFE MOBILITY FOR OLDER AMERICANS 12 Box 1 OLDER DRIVER PROGRAM The Maryland Motor Vehicle Administration (MVA) Older Driver Program encourages a commonsense approach to understanding the needs of citizens, regardless of age, and recognizes the benefits of safe mobility for life.
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CHANGES IN THE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM The functional changes that accompany the aging process have become better understood over the past decade, and a movement is under way to adjust the traffic environment to these changes. The recent publication of two Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
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Forrest, K
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Elderly Individuals. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences, Vol.
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Sirén, A., S Heikkinen, and L
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