Cost-Benefit Analysis of Providing Non-Emergency Medical Transportation (2005) / Chapter Skim
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Chapter 2: Literature Review To develop a better understanding of the status of non-emergency medical transportation in the United States, particularly in regards to unmet trip needs, a thorough literature search of the field was conducted. This was accomplished using local resources (e.g., University of Michigan libraries, including that belonging to the University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute)
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Race and ethnicity also are associated with being transportation disadvantaged. Using data from the 2001 National Household Travel Study (NHTS)
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In rural areas, access to healthcare can be even more difficult to obtain than it is elsewhere, and numerous studies (Flores et al., 1998; Ide et al., 1993; Larson et al., 2004; McClure et al., 1996; Mulder et al., 2000) have documented these difficulties.
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an earlier study, concerned with adherence to standards of care for diabetes, found that transportation problems were among the most frequently cited reasons for missed care (Jorgensen et al., 2002)
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2.4 Estimates of Costs and Benefits of Meeting Unmet NEMT Needs Meeting the needs of the transportation-disadvantaged population requires enhanced transportation resources plus additional healthcare -- both of which increase costs. These services, however, are hypothesized to result in improved health outcomes, such as reduced need for high-priced emergency care, and better quality of life for affected individuals.
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missed trips -- its authors assumed all trips would be made no matter what -- so the costs of transportation provision did not need to be balanced against the net benefits of treatment. For near-emergency services such as dialysis, however, one would expect even greater benefits for providing otherwise missed trips.
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