Factors Affecting Contraceptive Use in Sub-Saharan Africa (1993) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
6 Regional Analysis of Contraceptive Use
6 Regional Analysis of Contraceptive Use
Pages 170-196
The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.
From page 170... ...
In Chapter 4, we identify the aspects of African social structure that support high fertility norms, specifically, the importance attached to perpetuating the lineage, the linkage between number of children and access to resources, the use of child fostering to spread the costs and benefits of having numerous children, and the weak conjugal bond. Although these social characteristics are changing, it is clear that they have exerted considerable positive influence on historical fertility levels and have not disappeared today.
|
From page 171... ...
Although by no means exhaustive measures of socioeconomic development and community/kinship relations, these four variables nonetheless capture important dimensions of the contextual variables discussed in earlier chapters. This current analysis confirms the relationships documented in the earlier analysis (Lesthaeghe, 1989b)
|
From page 172... ...
Nigeria · WFS REGIONS ° DHS REGIONS ~ WFS + DHS x5' Kenya ~ Burundi Zimbabwe I f$~ l IJ opt ~ Botswana / Lesotho FIGURE 6-1 Location of countries and regions that participated in the World Fertility Survey and Demographic and Health Survey programs. are available to measure this dimension, there are no analogous measures at the regional level that would reflect local differences in political commitment, access to services, variety of methods available, and related aspects of the family planning supply environment.
|
From page 173... ...
In our consideration of the relationship between female education and contraceptive practice, we examine not only modern contraceptive use, but also its precursors: ideal family size and knowledge of contraceptive use. Ideal Family Size Figure 6-2 depicts the relationship between the average length of schooling in the WFS and DHS regions and the percentage of married women with ideal family sizes not exceeding four children.
|
From page 174... ...
En ~40 ~ ., A) H 50 30 20 10 O FACTORS AFFECTING CONTRACEPTIVE USE o o o o o o o of o o o o o ~ :~ o ~ a o° o o o o o o ~ o o Wo /°o ° o o o o oo o / o o o o l 6 7 ~9 I 1 1 1 1 0 ~2 3 4 5 Education: years FIGURE 6-2 Relationship between percentage of currently married women ages 1549 with ideal family sizes of four or fewer children and mean number of years of female education WFS and DHS regions (~ -- .73~.
|
From page 175... ...
SOURCE: Demographic and Health Survey and World Fertility Survey reports. Figure 6-4 displays the relationship, in the pooled data set, between the use of modern methods and the knowledge of such methods.
|
From page 176... ...
. o a' ~25 Q' o ~5 30 20 a' 15 10 O FACTORS AFFECTING CONTRACEPTIVE USE of 1 o / o lo (;D /o ° o o 9 o used,,, ~ ~0 ~ 0w ~ O ~ O / TOO o V O oOO oO O o O o o o ~I I I I I I I ~~~-r -- ~- rl 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90100 Know One Method: % FIGURE 6-4 Relationship between percentage of married women ages 15-49 using modern methods of contraception and percentage of married women knowing of at least on modern method WFS and DHS regions (r = .80~.
|
From page 177... ...
~35 o a' 30 C 25 a' o 20 C 15 . 10 5 O 2 l\ An :///'a 0~ ~ 0 no A ^~ at 0 o / 0 o 1 1 1 1 1 6 7 ~ 0 1 2 3 4 5 Education: years FIGURE 6-5 Relationship between percentage of married women ages 15-49 using modern methods of contraception and mean number of years of female educationWFS and DHS regions (r = .80~.
|
From page 178... ...
In summary, we find that: · there is a strong relationship between the regional levels of female schooling and the proportion of women who have small ideal family sizes, who have knowledge of modern contraception, or who use a modern method (refer to Chapter 2 for individual-level confirmation) ; · current use of modern methods increases above the 10-percent level only in regions that have a mean length of female schooling of four years or more; and · these conditions have been met in Zimbabwe and Botswana, as well as several regions of Kenya.
|
From page 179... ...
All of the regions that would be expected to have a prevalence of modern methods of at least 10 percent and did not were located in countries with weak family planning programs, which suggests that contraceptive supply may be a factor. MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS OF MODERN CONTRACEPTIVE USE We now consider the relationship between female education and contraceptive practice at the regional level in a multivariate model.
|
From page 180... ...
The least squares regression model for the pooled data is presented in Figure 6-8. (The results for the DHS data alone are similar to the results for the pooled data set.)
|
From page 181... ...
bSignificant at 05. FIGURE 6-S Regression model for various demographic dependent variablesWFS and DHS regions (n = 924.
|
From page 182... ...
When we tested the relationship of the proportion Muslim, urbanity, and female education to the percentage of married women in polygyny in both data sets, only the negative effect of female education was significant and large: beta coefficients are -.50 and -.62, respectively. Other factors, not specified in the model but subsumed in the residual variable U2, exerted a major influence on the incidence of polygyny (effects of U2 are .87 and .86~.
|
From page 183... ...
7In the LISREL model, we assumed a causal linkage among a series of demographic variables including length of postpartum nonsusceptible period, small desired family size, knowledge of modern contraception, and current contraceptive use. The level of female education was then measured as the common component of the average female schooling duration and the percentage of illiterate women aged 15-49 in the regions.
|
From page 184... ...
184 TABLE 6A- 1 WFS Regional File-Part A FACTORS AFFECTING CONTRACEPTIVE USE Married Married Use Contraceptive Who Know Who Want Modern Use- at Least 1 ~ 4 Method Effectiveness Modern Children Region (%) Index Method (%)
|
From page 185... ...
REGIONAL ANALYSIS OF CONTRACEPTIVE USE 185 Average Dummy Duration Vanable of Illiterate (1 = major Married in Religion (%) Education or Koranic urban, 0 = Polygamous (years)
|
From page 186... ...
186 FACTORS AFFECTING CONTRACEPTIVE USE TABLE 6A-1 WFS Regional File Part A (continued) Married Married Use Contraceptive Who Know Who Want Modern Use- at Least 1 c 4 Method Effectiveness Modern Children Region (%)
|
From page 187... ...
REGIONAL ANALYSIS OF CONTRACEPTIVE USE 187 Average Dummy Duration Variable of Illiterate (1 = major Married in Religion (%) Education or Koranic urban, 0 = Polygamous (years)
|
From page 188... ...
~ O 3 ;_4 ~ ~ Q c' ~ ~ ~ in, o so Ct Cal o D ~ ¢ o ·- A: Ct .~ ~ 0£ Cal so Ct ._ ~ - m Ct + ~ O Vl o ._ oo cr Do 0 ~ ~ up ~ ~ ~ ~ ~0 CM cr ~ oo ~ ~ oo oo ~ oo oo ~ U~ 00 ~ U~ c~ oO ~[~ cr~ ~ ~ ~ oo ~ ~ r ~ c~ 0 u~ 0 oo ~ O ~ ~oo ~ ~ oo oo ~ ~ ~ 0\ e~ ~ ~ ~ ~ c~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~o ~ o ~ ~ ~ tn ~ ~ ~ 0 ~c~ ~ - ~- ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~4 - ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ oo ~ ~ ~ ~ O ~ ~r.
|
From page 189... ...
So Go oo~ Cal Cal oo oo CM ~ oo ~ ~ ~ ~ _~ ~ of ~ ~ ~ Cal~ ~ en ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~_~ ~ _ ~ ~ _4 _(_.
|
From page 190... ...
Kenya Nairobi 27.9 30.4 94.8 78.8 Central, Eastern 24.5 33.1 94.1 68.2 Rift Valley 18.1 24.4 84.6 50.1 Coast 14.8 16.3 92.3 35.7 Western, Nyanza 10.1 12.0 92.1 49.3 Liberia Grand Gedeh 2.9 2.9 64.1 11.1 Montserrado 9.7 10.8 77.3 29.9 Since 3.9 4.1 87.2 8.8 Rest of country 4.4 4.6 64.4 20. Mali Bamako 6.1 11.4 74.3 33.E Kayes, Koulikoro 0.8 1.6 28.0 12.E Mopti, Gao, 0.9 1.4 15.0 7.S Tombouctou Sikasso, Segou 0.8 1.6 26.0 22.4 Nigeria Ondo State 3.8 5.1 50.0 10.2 Senegal Central 0.5 1.8 70.2 11.2 Northeast 0.6 1.1 38.9 11.1 (Fleuve, Oriental)
|
From page 191... ...
REGIONAL ANALYSIS OF CONTRACEPTIVE USE 19 Average Dummy Duration Variable of Illiterate (1 = major Married in Religion (%) Education or Koranic urban, 0 = Polygamous (years)
|
From page 192... ...
Togo 92 FACTORS AFFECTING CONTRACEPTIVE USE TABLE 6A-2 DHS Regional File Part A (continued) Married Married Use Contraceptive Who Know Who Want Modern Use- at Least 1 ~ 4 Method Effectiveness Modern Children Region (%)
|
From page 193... ...
REGIONAL ANALYSIS OF CONTRACEPTIVE USE 193 Average Dummy Duration Variable of Illiterate (1 = major Marned in Religion (%) Education or Koranic urban, 0 = Polygamous (years)
|
From page 194... ...
oo O~ ~ O O oo oO =' ON00 00 C', - 00~ 00 0 ~ ON~ ~ _ ~ ~ .
|
From page 195... ...
o ~ ~ ~ o_oo~ oo rid ~ ~ ~ ~Do~ ~ ~ oo C-} <~ 4~N C~l~ oc)
|
From page 196... ...
kD ~ O ~ O ~oo ~ ~ O ~ ~ OM0 ~ V~ ~ ~ ~oo oo ~ ~ oo~ oo ~oo oo O ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ oo~ ~ ~oo .
|
Key Terms
This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More
information on Chapter Skim is available.