Quantifying Aircraft Lead Emissions at Airports (2015) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 166-182
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Appendix A Annotated Bibliography
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Annotated Bibliography Atwood, D Full-Scale Engine Detonation and Power Performance Evaluation of Swift Enterprises 702 Fuel.
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• Describes typical aircraft brake formulations for a variety of aircraft. Identifies lead oxides as a potential additive as friction modifier in aircraft brake formulation, and those additives can comprise up to 2 percent by volume brake material.
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per cubic meter of air. Better validation was obtained during the summer modeling campaign.
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Particulate Matter. Atmospheric Environment, In Press.
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• Engine test data investigating unleaded avgas alternatives compared to a 100LL baseline. Alternatives represent a variety of alkylate, toluene, ETBE, ethanol and other additive blends with unleaded avgas and mogas.
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Harris, A
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• Ultrafine particulates, particle bound polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons and black carbon were monitored in the vicinity of SMO in the summer of 2008. When compared to background, peak levels of UFP, PB-PAH and BC measured during the study were elevated by factors of 440, 90 and 100, respectively, in areas of jet departures.
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Morin, B TF Green Airport Air Monitoring Study.
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Monitored quarterly Pb concentrations for 1995-1997 ranged between 0.03 and 0.05 µg/m3, compared to modeled Pb concentrations from piston operations totaling 0.057 µg/m3. Platt, M
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change in the vicinity when the airport is not operational. Lead was not monitored during this campaign.
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fuel. Pb emissions per LTO presented in the document range from 1.45 to 17.2 g.
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• TSP lead measurements were collected around Destin Airport at background sites and at sites impacted by the airport (i.e., surrounding airport runways)
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• Chapter 3 contains detailed information on ambient lead measurement, including: sources of atmospheric lead, a summary of the inputs and results of the 2008 NEI, source apportionment, fate and transport into various environmental media, monitoring methodology and network design, and concentration data up to CY 2009.
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maximum allowable lead concentration. Also assumes 5% of lead from avgas is retained in the engine and engine oils.
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U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
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• Useful annotated bibliography describing sources of literature and data pertinent to aircraft HAPs and other air toxics, including lead. Vanderpool, R., S
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