Guidebook on Pedestrian Crossings of Public Transit Rail Services (2015) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 27-32
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From page 27... ...
27 C H A P T E R 4 In the United States, any rail transit project that receives capital funding assistance from FTA or FRA is subject to an environmental review process as required by the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969, subsequent amendments, and Executive Orders. Collectively, the environmental review process is known as the NEPA process, reflecting the original law requiring transit agencies to conduct these activities.
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From page 28... ...
28 Guidebook on Pedestrian Crossings of Public Transit Rail Services FRA. FTA and FRA environmental review regulations differ slightly in formal structure for the types of actions, but the general process is similar for the two agencies.
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From page 29... ...
NEPA-Related Issues 29 • Ecological systems. • Impacts on wetland areas.
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From page 30... ...
30 Guidebook on Pedestrian Crossings of Public Transit Rail Services The interaction of steel wheels on steel rails generates three types of noise: • Rolling noise due to continuous rolling contact. • Impact noise when a wheel encounters discontinuity in the running surface, such as a rail joint, turnout, or crossover.
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From page 31... ...
NEPA-Related Issues 31 of pedestrian crossings in locations where the sound walls can be reduced in height or eliminated should be considered. Horns and/or Bells Another type of rail transit noise impact that affects the design of pedestrian crossings, as well as motor vehicle crossings, is the noise generated by horns and/or bells that are sounded as warnings to motorists and pedestrians when a transit vehicle approaches and passes a grade crossing.
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From page 32... ...
32 Guidebook on Pedestrian Crossings of Public Transit Rail Services vehicles to sound their horns or bells at a grade crossing. By their very nature, the horns and bells found on transit vehicles and grade crossings are designed to be loud enough to command the attention of motorists and pedestrians.
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