Long-Term Performance and Life-Cycle Costs of Stormwater Best Management Practices (2014) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 34-42
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From page 34... ...
34 C H a P T E r 3 Load reduction from BMPs is a function of concentration reduction and surface runoff volume reduction. Many BMP effectiveness assessments focus only on concentration reduction for the pollutants of concern.
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35 a runoff volume equivalent to the compartment volume. For example, a 3,000-ft3 storage volume for a watershed that is 1 acre with a runoff coefficient of 0.9 would translate to an equivalent precipitation depth of 0.92 in.
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36 for each rainfall record. An advantage to continuous simulation modeling for the analysis was the ability to account for the variability in the temporal frequency, distribution, and magnitude of storm events at a particular climatic region/ subregion in relation to a given BMP design.
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37 as well as water stored in cisterns that is applied at agronomic rates. Key variables include: • Climate station and associated precipitation and ET, • Normalized storage volume, and • ET drawdown depth (i.e., the amount of ET that must occur for the ET storage to drain completely)
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38 (Section 3.2.1) and flow-based BMPs (Section 3.2.2)
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39 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 A ve ra ge A nn ua l C ap tu re E ffi ci en cy Design Intensity, in./hr 5 10 20 30 60 Times of Concentration Figure 3-3. Example flow-based nomograph -- online configuration (Portland International Airport)
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40 Surface ponding Freely drained soil water = porosity – F C Sump storage = porosity of stone below underdrain Plant available soil water = FC – WP Retention storage = plant available soil water + sump storage FC = field capacity of media WP = wilting point of media Detention storage = surface ponding + freely drained soil water Overflow outlet Underdrain outlet Figure 3-5. Storage compartments of a general bioretention system cross-section.
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41 Storage Volume Calculations: V1 = (1 ft × 1000 ft2)
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42 Figure 3-6. (Continued)
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