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From page 43... ... 43 C H A P T E R 5 This chapter provides detailed guidance on planning and preliminary design of each facility type and will be particularly useful to airport management and consultants as they begin planning the specific layout, sizing, and conceptual floor plans of facilities. Guidance for each facility generally includes the following: • An introduction, including questions one might ask for the particular facility being planned. Read the entire page →
From page 44... ... 44 Guidebook on General Aviation Facility Planning • What Airplane Design Group will the apron be designed for? • Will the apron be planned for a terminal or FBO building? Read the entire page →
From page 45... ... GA Facility Planning by Type 45 Exhibit 5-1. Apron depth types. Read the entire page →
From page 46... ... 46 Guidebook on General Aviation Facility Planning Exhibit 5-1. (Continued) Read the entire page →
From page 47... ... GA Facility Planning by Type 47 Group I Aircraft Apron depths (66-ft-deep parking area) Depth Type Minimum Depth X (ft) Read the entire page →
From page 48... ... 48 Guidebook on General Aviation Facility Planning The larger an apron, the better access will be required. Multiple access points to an apron are very important for an apron that is very active. Read the entire page →
From page 49... ... GA Facility Planning by Type 49 with assigned tie-down locations or FBO aprons where the parking locations can be controlled. The deadend taxilanes could cause issues with pilots unfamiliar with the layout. Read the entire page →
From page 50... ... 50 Guidebook on General Aviation Facility Planning Deadend taxilane Taxilanes on all sides Dual access Source: Delta Airport Consultants, Inc. Exhibit 5-5. Read the entire page →
From page 51... ... GA Facility Planning by Type 51 the unusable pavement could be used for snow stockpiling so long as such use does not interfere with aircraft operations and safety. Security Other than providing a perimeter fence around the entire airport and apron area lighting, there are no special security recommendations for aprons. Read the entire page →
From page 52... ... 52 Guidebook on General Aviation Facility Planning Alternative 1. Alternative 2. Read the entire page →
From page 53... ... GA Facility Planning by Type 53 Exhibit 5-8. (Continued) Read the entire page →
From page 54... ... 54 Guidebook on General Aviation Facility Planning Constricted Aprons Exhibit 5-9 shows an example of an apron for a Group II airport. The apron provides a Group II taxilane on three sides of the parking positions, but does not provide for Group II parking. Read the entire page →
From page 55... ... GA Facility Planning by Type 55 Facility-to-Facility Relationships The type and number of interaction with other GA facilities depends on the type of apron being planned. A based aircraft apron needs very little interaction with other facilities. Read the entire page →
From page 56... ... 56 Guidebook on General Aviation Facility Planning The Ideal Apron Transient The ideal transient apron would include the following characteristics: • Low density • Sized for Group II aircraft or larger • Expandable • At least two access points • Full circulation around parking positions • Ample area lighting • Pull-through parking positions • Adjacent to the terminal building • Passenger boarding area • Graded for adjacent hangars • Vehicle access • Visibility from the runway or parallel taxiway • Easy egress to the non-secure side of the fence • Ample parking for several large and small aircraft • Good drainage • Ample signage • Locations for fuel sump dump, chocks, fire extinguisher, and other items • Parking/storage location for ground support equipment Based The ideal based apron would include the following characteristics: • High density • Vehicle access • Sized for Group I aircraft or larger • Expandable • Vehicle access • Nearby vehicle parking with simple walking access • Good drainage • Locations for fuel sump dump, chocks, fire extinguisher, and other items Criteria Yes No Comment Meets the Airport's aircraft parking needs Maximizes development space Does not interfere with other nearby or future development Does not impact or restrict taxilanes or taxiways Provides space to meet local engineering requirements (i.e., stormwater and erosion control) Interacts well with other facilities Provides room for expansion Within the project budget Exhibit 5-11. Read the entire page →
From page 57... ... GA Facility Planning by Type 57 Helicopter Parking Area Planning for a helicopter parking area on an airport requires special consideration given the nature of helicopter operations and the impact of rotor wash on the surrounding area. A helicopter parking area is not a helipad. Read the entire page →
From page 58... ... 58 Guidebook on General Aviation Facility Planning Size & Layout The size of the parking area will depend on the size and number of rotorcraft expected. There are two parts to a helicopter parking area: (1) Read the entire page →
From page 59... ... GA Facility Planning by Type 59 Helicopter Manufacturer Model Parking Area (ft) Support Area (ft) Read the entire page →
From page 60... ... 60 Guidebook on General Aviation Facility Planning parking areas parallel and perpendicular to other facilities and airfield infrastructure also provides for safer traffic flow and expandability. Security Given that helicopter parking aprons are within the perimeter fence, there are no special security recommendations. Read the entire page →
From page 61... ... GA Facility Planning by Type 61 Conventional Aircraft Hangars The most effective hangar planning also includes apron planning, access planning, and automobile parking planning. There will be considerable cross-over with these other facilities because they are so interconnected. Read the entire page →
From page 62... ... 62 Guidebook on General Aviation Facility Planning • Be near utilities needed for office or shop areas. • Be with similar sized hangars. Read the entire page →
From page 63... ... GA Facility Planning by Type 63 Maintenance Hangar A maintenance hangar can serve as a storage hangar and as a hangar for conducting maintenance on aircraft. Sizing a maintenance hangar depends on the size of aircraft and the type of maintenance to be performed. Read the entire page →
From page 64... ... 64 Guidebook on General Aviation Facility Planning to the exterior of the hangar. A typical external addition would be a 25- to 30-ft wide addition to the length of the hangar. Read the entire page →
From page 65... ... GA Facility Planning by Type 65 should be discussed and a decision made on what spacing to use. A 50-ft separation will take up the most apron frontage, but will probably result in a less expensive hangar. Read the entire page →
From page 66... ... 66 Guidebook on General Aviation Facility Planning Exhibit 5-18. (Continued) Read the entire page →
From page 67... ... GA Facility Planning by Type 67 Hangar Group III Box Hangar Spacing. Exhibit 5-19. Read the entire page →
From page 68... ... 68 Guidebook on General Aviation Facility Planning Hangar Group III Box Hangar Spacing with Door Pocket. Exhibit 5-19. Read the entire page →
From page 69... ... GA Facility Planning by Type 69 Security Recommendations for basic security measures for a conventional hangar include tamperproof locks on all doors and enough lighting on all sides of the hangar to sufficiently illuminate the area. Additional and more expensive measures would include a monitored alarm system with cameras. Read the entire page →
From page 70... ... 70 Guidebook on General Aviation Facility Planning Engineering & Construction Engineering issues that should be considered include • Stormwater and erosion control measures may require the size of the apron to be adjusted to fit the space available. • Grades in the area. Read the entire page →
From page 71... ... GA Facility Planning by Type 71 hangars together separate from the larger hangars. The larger hangars have a larger building footprint, and the apron parking areas, taxilanes, and automobile parking space requirements are also larger. Read the entire page →
From page 72... ... 72 Guidebook on General Aviation Facility Planning Exhibit 5-20. (Continued) Read the entire page →
From page 73... ... GA Facility Planning by Type 73 Exhibit 5-20. (Continued) Read the entire page →
From page 74... ... 74 Guidebook on General Aviation Facility Planning • How much developable space is available? • Is there room for infill or is greenfield development required? Read the entire page →
From page 75... ... GA Facility Planning by Type 75 Source: Delta Airport Consultants, Inc. Nested T-Hangar with Jetpod Group T-Hangar Spacing and Dimensions Exhibit 5-22. Read the entire page →
From page 76... ... 76 Guidebook on General Aviation Facility Planning 24,000 square feet may require special fire protection measures. Consult NFPA 409 and the local fire marshal for additional guidance. Read the entire page →
From page 77... ... GA Facility Planning by Type 77 Group T-Hangar Spacing and Dimensions Source: Delta Airport Consultants, Inc. Nested T-Hangar with Jetpod Exhibit 5-25. Read the entire page →
From page 78... ... 78 Guidebook on General Aviation Facility Planning Security Recommendations for basic security measures for a t-hangar include tamperproof locks on all doors and enough lighting on all sides of the hangar to sufficiently illuminate the area. Additional and more expensive measures would include a monitored alarm system with cameras. Read the entire page →
From page 79... ... GA Facility Planning by Type 79 In addition to multiple exits from the taxilanes where a large number of t-hangars are concentrated, dual taxilanes or bypass hold aprons may be required for aircraft to maneuver to and from the taxilanes. Use AC-150/5300-13A for parallel taxilane separation. Read the entire page →
From page 80... ... 80 Guidebook on General Aviation Facility Planning Criteria Yes No Comment Meets the Airport's needs Maximizes development space Does not interfere with other nearby or future development Does not impact or restrict taxilanes or taxiways Safe and efficient traffic flow Meets FAA design criteria Provides space to meet local engineering requirements (i.e., stormwater and erosion control) Works well with other facilities Provides room for expansion Within the project budget Exhibit 5-28. Read the entire page →
From page 81... ... GA Facility Planning by Type 81 • What types of fuel are needed? • What are the local environmental requirements? Read the entire page →
From page 82... ... 82 Guidebook on General Aviation Facility Planning fuel tenders. Utilities for this type of facility usually include power and communica- tion. Read the entire page →
From page 83... ... GA Facility Planning by Type 83 master plan. Once the type and amount of fuel needed is determined, the local or regional fuel suppliers should be contacted to determine fuel delivery schedules. Read the entire page →
From page 84... ... 84 Guidebook on General Aviation Facility Planning Sample 1 Sample 2 Exhibit 5-31. Large fuel farm layouts. Read the entire page →
From page 85... ... GA Facility Planning by Type 85 Note: Dark areas indicate secondary containment areas Source: Delta Airport Consultants, Inc. Sample 3 Sample 4 Exhibit 5-31. Read the entire page →
From page 86... ... 86 Guidebook on General Aviation Facility Planning Fuel tanks can be either horizontal or vertical. Horizontal tanks are more common for tank sizes less than 30,000 gallons. Read the entire page →
From page 87... ... GA Facility Planning by Type 87 • Access to utilities including, power, communication, and sanitary sewer. • Driveway grades need to be flat enough for delivery trucks and fuel tenders to maneuver around and park next to the facility during fuel transfer operations. Read the entire page →
From page 88... ... 88 Guidebook on General Aviation Facility Planning Aircraft Wash Facility (Wash Rack) Aircraft wash facilities (wash racks) Read the entire page →
From page 89... ... GA Facility Planning by Type 89 The type of facility depends on the local environmental requirements, utility requirements, and funding. Size & Layout Wash racks are usually sized to accommodate one single aircraft at a time; however, depending on the demand and layout, multiple aircraft can be accommodated at the same time. Read the entire page →
From page 90... ... 90 Guidebook on General Aviation Facility Planning Other Considerations Utilities Water. In conjunction with finding a location that meets the safety and traffic flow considerations, the availability and proximity to a water source will be a significant driver in the location and cost of the facility. Read the entire page →
From page 91... ... GA Facility Planning by Type 91 Wash Water Discharge One of the first meetings when planning a wash rack should be with the local environmental agencies and the local water and sewer company. This meeting will help define what can and cannot be done with the wash water and may help determine the location and type of facility. Read the entire page →
From page 92... ... 92 Guidebook on General Aviation Facility Planning Engineering & Construction Engineering issues that should be considered during the planning process include • Stormwater and erosion control measures that may require the size of the wash area to be adjusted to fit the space available. • The grades in the area. Read the entire page →
From page 93... ... GA Facility Planning by Type 93 GA Terminal Building Airports typically have at least one building that serves as a focal point for general aviation -- for basic meeting/greeting and pilot services. Some also house airport-related businesses and airport administrative offices. Read the entire page →
From page 94... ... 94 Guidebook on General Aviation Facility Planning • Have room for adequate automobile parking. • Not interfere with the possible expansion or construction of other airfield facilities. Read the entire page →
From page 95... ... GA Facility Planning by Type 95 Size & Layout If no preliminary planning has been completed for a GA terminal building and a size needs to be determined for an ALP and for cost estimating, the following guidelines can be used. The peak-hour operations from the approved master plan will be needed to get started. Read the entire page →
From page 96... ... 96 Guidebook on General Aviation Facility Planning Exhibit 5-35. Sample GA terminal building layouts. Read the entire page →
From page 97... ... GA Facility Planning by Type 97 Exhibit 5-35. (Continued) Read the entire page →
From page 98... ... 98 Guidebook on General Aviation Facility Planning Sample 4. Note: GA Terminal Building attached to the side of a hangar Source: Delta Airport Consultants, Inc. Read the entire page →
From page 99... ... GA Facility Planning by Type 99 FBO Building An FBO building is very similar to a GA terminal building. They generally serve the same function except that an FBO building is usually privately owned or publicly owned and leased to a private entity. Read the entire page →
From page 100... ... 100 Guidebook on General Aviation Facility Planning • Passengers • Restaurants Taking the proposed users of the building into account, the services need to be determined. Typical services in a FBO building include • Passenger Waiting Area • Restrooms • Vending • Pilot Lounge • Pilot Room • Mechanical Room • Storage Room • Circulation • Flight Planning with weather station • Conference Room • Operations Counter • Office Space • Lease Space • Restaurant Size & Layout The sizing of an FBO building can use the same guidelines for a GA terminal building. Read the entire page →
From page 101... ... GA Facility Planning by Type 101 • Stormwater and erosion control measures may require the size of the building and adjacent impervious areas to be adjusted to fit the space available • The grades in the area. Do not plan up to the property or lease line. Read the entire page →
From page 102... ... 102 Guidebook on General Aviation Facility Planning • What functions will the building layout provide for? • What kind of community outreach is needed to plan the building? Read the entire page →
From page 103... ... GA Facility Planning by Type 103 Size & Layout The size of the administration building will depend on the needs of the airport and the chosen functions of the building. There are no guidelines for sizing the building, but a large enough foot print should be used with room for modifications and expansion. Read the entire page →
From page 104... ... 104 Guidebook on General Aviation Facility Planning MES Buildings Not all airports require a separate facility to store airport maintenance equipment. Some airports contract out the mowing and snow removal to private companies, other use municipal or county equipment used and usually housed elsewhere. Read the entire page →
From page 105... ... GA Facility Planning by Type 105 In addition to location, the orientation of a MES building can be important. A MES building should be oriented so that • In heavy snow regions, the doors are parallel to the primary wind direction to help prevent snow buildup in front of the doors • In regions that have ice and snow, the doors do not face north blocking the apron in front of the door from the sun • In hot and sunny regions, the doors do not face south such that the inside of the hangar does not receive direct sunlight in the afternoons heating up the building. Read the entire page →
From page 106... ... 106 Guidebook on General Aviation Facility Planning Exhibit 5-40. MES building with side-by-side vehicle bays. Read the entire page →
From page 107... ... GA Facility Planning by Type 107 Source: Delta Airport Consultants, Inc. Exhibit 5-41. Read the entire page →
From page 108... ... 108 Guidebook on General Aviation Facility Planning Exhibit 5-42. MES buildings with stacked vehicles bays for large airports. Read the entire page →
From page 109... ... GA Facility Planning by Type 109 Source: Delta Airport Consultants, Inc. Exhibit 5-43. Read the entire page →
From page 110... ... 110 Guidebook on General Aviation Facility Planning • Grades in the area. Do not plan or construct up to the property or lease line. Read the entire page →
From page 111... ... GA Facility Planning by Type 111 Plan Evaluation Exhibit 5-45 provides a simple checklist to help evaluate the proposed development plan for a MES building. Criteria Yes No Comment Meets the Airport's needs Maximizes development space Does not interfere with other nearby or future development Does not impact or restrict taxilanes or taxiways Meets local building code Meets FAA design criteria Provides space to meet local engineering requirements (i.e., stormwater and erosion control) Read the entire page →
From page 112... ... 112 Guidebook on General Aviation Facility Planning Configuration Type Figure Description A 1 Single row of spaces 1 Single driving lane 55 foot depth B 2 single rows of spaces 1 Single driving lane 75 foot depth C 1 Double row of spaces 2 driving lanes 100 foot depth Exhibit 5-46. Parking lot depth types. Read the entire page →
From page 113... ... GA Facility Planning by Type 113 These depths do not include access drives or offsets from the primary roadways. For parking adjacent to hangars, check local requirements and those in the International Building Code (IBC) Read the entire page →
From page 114... ... 114 Guidebook on General Aviation Facility Planning Security Recommendations for basic security measures for a parking lot are to provide enough lighting to sufficiently illuminate the area. Additional and more expensive measures would include security cameras. Read the entire page →
From page 115... ... GA Facility Planning by Type 115 For "resort" airports, providing additional long-term parking of vehicles for infrequent users should be considered. As an example, planning for a shared parking lot for the GA terminal building, box hangar with maintenance, and t-hangar in Exhibit 5-48, would require 70 parking spaces. Read the entire page →
From page 116... ... 116 Guidebook on General Aviation Facility Planning Source: Delta Airport Consultants, Inc. Exhibit 5-49. Read the entire page →
From page 117... ... GA Facility Planning by Type 117 Criteria Yes No Comment Meets the Airport's needs Maximizes development space Does not interfere with other nearby or future development Does not impact or restrict taxilanes or taxiways Provides space to meet local engineering requirements (i.e., stormwater and erosion control) Meets local parking regulations Interacts well with other facilities Provides room for expansion Within the project budget Exhibit 5-50. Read the entire page →

From page 43...

... 43 C H A P T E R 5 This chapter provides detailed guidance on planning and preliminary design of each facility type and will be particularly useful to airport management and consultants as they begin planning the specific layout, sizing, and conceptual floor plans of facilities. Guidance for each facility generally includes the following: • An introduction, including questions one might ask for the particular facility being planned.