A Census that Mirrors America Interim Report (1993) / Chapter Skim
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1 KEY CENSUS DESIGN ISSUES
1 KEY CENSUS DESIGN ISSUES
Pages 9-23
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These and other issues have drawn the attention not only of the Census Bureau, but also of Congress and other census data users. The Census Bureau has undertaken a research program that reflects a major rethinking of census methodology with the intent of testing design components that represent fundamental change from current census practice.
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Subsequently, the Census Bureau decided to remove its original set of 14 alternative census designs from further consideration. Rather, We 1995 census test will evaluate promising components of the original alternative designs.
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Chapter 3 considers methods with potential for improving response and coverage at venous stages of the collection process. Chapter 4 discusses the possible use of administrative records in the four collection steps.
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The Census Bureau is designing a prototype system for continuous data collection that includes a national "head count" every 10 years. This development work will be carried out in parallel with the l99S census test that will provide information about accurate and cost-effective methods for We decennial year portion of a continuous measurement program.
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system database (see Chapter 2~. Plans for the 1995 census test call for the list of housing units for the test sites to be developed, at a minimum, with administrative records from the U.S.
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For purposes of coverage improvement, address lists can also be used in conjunction with administrative records that contain information about individuals. The Census Bureau's 1990 address control file can still serve as a base for the year 2000 master address file, but updating of the 1990 file -- that is, processing addidons and deletions of housing units, plus other corrections -- will have to begin immediately in order to establish a continuously maintained national address list at the Census Bureau in time for the 2000 census.
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Needs for record linkage arise when administrative records are used, when multiple response modes are available, and for dual-system estimation as part of any coverage measurement program.
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To allow maximum use of these multiple-mode techniques, which from a public perception point of view have much to recommend them, the Census Bureau needs to aggressively pursue research on techniques for eliminating duplicate responses so that households with multiple responses are not counted more than once. In fact, limits on the ability to eliminate duplicate records may be the controlling factor with regard to the feasibility of many of the innovations under consideration for the 2000 census design.
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the use of sampling and statistical estimation; (3) sharing of information from administrative records' including address lists.
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A number of benefits will accrue from improved coordination among federal agencies. Possible examples include work with the Postal Service on address list development and with the Internal Revenue Service and Social Security Administration on statistical use of administrative records.
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Differences in coverage across areas or groups can be corrected by appropriate use of coverage measurement and population estimation (see Chapter 21. The concern is Cat special tool-kit methods or local administrative records would be used differentiaBy, and this concern should be addressed.
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kit -- or local administrative records for a group or area already defined as a poststratum in the estimation procedure does not create any new statistical problems. Good initial coverage through enumeration and assignment is still very desirable, because with high levels of initial coverage final estimates are less dependent on estimation and variance (or mean-squared error)
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By making as much use as possible of record systems with national coverage or at least some degree of national uniformity, the perception of unfairness can be avoided. Alternatively, administrative records could be consistently used for undercovered groups, such as for food stamp recipients, as noted above.
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The 1995 census test should be structured to provide specific information to answer a limited and well-defined set of questions about alternative census methods. To He extent feasible, statistical designs such as fractional factorial experiments should be canted out, although the pane!
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The research program should be funded separately from the 2000 census research and development activities, but there should be close liaison between them. The Census Bureau should undertake a planning study, in collaboration with other agencies and contract support as needed, that would develop one or more detailed design options for a 2010 administrative records census.
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