Guidebook for Energy Facilities Compatibility with Airports and Airspace (2014) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 7-19
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7 Airspace and Airports The U.S. National Airspace System (NAS)
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8the FAA, the Air Traffic Organization (ATO) is responsible for managing day-to-day ATC operations, including the maintenance of safe separation distances between aircraft and the efficient flow of air traffic with as little delay as possible while maintaining safety standards.
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9 with instrument guidance transmitted from ground-based Navigational Aids (NAVAIDs)
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10 the terminal area, the Centers' reliance upon long-range radar necessitates the removal or mitigation of all obstructions of air safety hazards near NAVAIDs, including wind turbines and other energy technologies. This phases of flight scenario applies to aircraft operating in a controlled airspace environment.
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11 use of UAS in NAS operations and resolve related safety issues.16 For example, certain UAS may include extensive use of low-altitude airspace, necessitating that the FAA modify ATC procedures to accommodate UAS while ensuring safe operations of other aircraft through that airspace. Different airspace users and aircraft types may interact with energy technologies in specific ways.
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12 and tactics, while also minimizing impacts on civil liberties, and airspace operations, through use of improved risk assessment and risk management techniques.
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13 [ILS] approach)
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14 (non-physical)
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15 Figure 2.5. Examples of structures that may impinge on airspace.
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16 implementation of RNP technologies and procedures under NextGen will result in narrower TERPS flight corridors and improved obstacle clearance, resulting in improved performance and safety. Land use controls are also necessary to ensure that certain ground-based activities do not compromise aviation safety.
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17 behind which the radar signal cannot reach, producing a "blind spot." The rotation of the wind farm blades also creates a signal received by radars that produces clutter, degrading the effectiveness of the radar.
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18 Safety Impacts Definition Regulation/Documents Physical Penetration of Airspace The height of energy facilities leads to visibility issues for pilots and controllers. The structure impedes by being in the line of sight of air traffic control.
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19 The premise of this research is that energy technologies may pose an air safety hazard, so it is logical to look at accident reports to see if there is any documented supporting evidence. Research for this Guidebook included a review of National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB)
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