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From page 16... ... 16 Field Projects The following factors were considered in selecting field projects (including a wide spectrum of materials and field conditions in this study) : climate (wet and dry, freeze and no-freeze) Read the entire page →
From page 17... ... 17 growth rates were not available for Texas and New Mexico, so assumed values of 2.5 percent and 0 percent, respectively, were used. The New Mexico assumed annual growth rate was based on decreasing AADT counts from the New Mexico DOT. Read the entire page →
From page 18... ... 18 0.0E+00 5.0E+04 1.0E+05 1.5E+05 2.0E+05 2.5E+05 3.0E+05 3.5E+05 4.0E+05 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 C um ul at iv e E SA Ls Field In-Service Times (months) Iowa Texas Montana New Mexico Figure 2-4. Read the entire page →
From page 19... ... 19 and the optimum binder content was determined as 4.6 percent (by weight of the total mixture) Read the entire page →
From page 20... ... 20 RAP, a PG 64-28 binder with a specific gravity of 1.02 was used, while a PG 76-28 binder with a specific gravity of 1.00 was used for the HMA without RAP, and the total binder content was determined as 5.4% (by weight of the total mixture) Read the entire page →
From page 21... ... 21 tures. IDT strength at 77°F (25°C) Read the entire page →
From page 22... ... 22 In this project, MR stiffness at 77°F (25°C) was measured by ASTM D7369 with the modification of replacing on-specimen linear variable differential transducers (LVDTs) Read the entire page →
From page 23... ... 23 Current specifications when available for the HWTT for the states where the field projects were located were as follows: • Iowa: – Water temperature during test: 122°F (50°C) Read the entire page →
From page 24... ... 24 schedules are encountered, storage of these specimens at cold temperatures (≤ 68°F [20°C] Read the entire page →
From page 25... ... 25 were also used to prepare offsite PMLC specimens. The laboratory conditioning protocol for offsite PMLC specimens was proposed based on MR data from the Iowa and Texas field projects. Read the entire page →
From page 26... ... 26 moisture-susceptibility performance for the same specimen type while accounting for the variability in those tests with multiple replicates. For those tests without multiple replicates, d2s values for the acceptable range of two results or similar values defined based on data from this project as described previously were used in the comparisons. Read the entire page →
From page 27... ... 27 ANOVA and Tukey's HSD tests were conducted at a 5% significance level to compare WMA with HMA in terms of moisture-susceptibility performance for the same specimen type while accounting for the variability in those tests with multiple replicates. For those tests without multiple replicates, d2s values for the acceptable range of two results or similar values defined based on data from this project as described previously were used in the comparisons. Read the entire page →
From page 28... ... 28 field project were tested to determine dry MR to evaluate the change in mixture stiffness with aging in the field. Additionally, onsite PMLC specimens from these field projects were tested to indicate the initial stiffness of HMA and WMA pavements in their early life. Read the entire page →
From page 29... ... 29 Location and Environmental Condition Mixture Type LTOA Protocols @140°F 1 week 2 weeks 4 weeks 8 weeks 16 weeks Iowa US 34 (Wet, Freeze) Read the entire page →
From page 30... ... 30 In both phases, ANOVA and Tukey's HSD tests were conducted at a 5% significance level to compare WMA with HMA in terms of moisture-susceptibility performance for the same specimen type while accounting for the variability in those tests with multiple replicates. For those tests without multiple replicates, d2s values for the acceptable range of two results or similar values defined based on data from this project as described previously were used in the comparisons. Read the entire page →

From page 16...

... 16 Field Projects The following factors were considered in selecting field projects (including a wide spectrum of materials and field conditions in this study) : climate (wet and dry, freeze and no-freeze)