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Iron Deficiency Anemia Recommended Guidelines for the Prevention, Detection, and Management Among U.S. Children and Women of Childbearing Age (1993) / Chapter Skim
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C IRON-DEPENDENT PATHOLOGIES
Pages 99-112

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From page 99...
... The research question posed by the authors and suggested by a growing number of observations was relatively straightforward: Is excess body iron, as indicated by the plasma ferritin concentration, a significant positive risk factor for myocardial infarction? The biologic feasibility of this question has its roots in the reasonably well established in vitro relationships between free-radical production and iron content in physiologic solutions (Halliwell and Gutteridge, 1990; Reif, 1992~.
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From page 100...
... Apoferritin is composed of 24 protein subunits containing either heavy or light chains. The heavy-chain subunit has considerable ferroxidase activity, whereas the amounts of both chains regulate the rate of entry and exodus of ferric iron from its ferric oxide core (Cozzi et al., 1990; Craelius et al., 1974~.
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From page 101...
... The authors established by a proportional hazards model that an elevated plasma ferritin concentration was one of the significant factors for AMI after a statistical adjustment for age and year of enrollment. The relative risk was 2.2 for men with a serum ferritin concentration of 200 pa/liter or greater.
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From page 102...
... Congestive heart failure is characteristic of hereditary hemochromatosis and is prevented by chelation or phlebotomy. Recent evidence in the reperfusion-ischemia literature demonstrates a strong role for chelatable iron in the initiation of cellular oxidative damage (Van der Kraaij et al., 1988; Williams et al., 19911.
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From page 103...
... A 24-hour recall survey of the Transkei region of South Africa found a significant increase in intake of dietary iron among those at increased risk of esophageal cancer (Groenwald et al., 1981~. In a retrospective case-control study of 186 subjects, iron consumption varied inversely with the size of colonic polyps but showed no correlation with the size of the initial dysplasia (Hoff et al., 19861.
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From page 104...
... Analyses of iron transport and storage proteins suggest that iron mobility is decreased in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease compared with that in the brains of normal subjects (reviewed in Connor, 1992~. Decreased iron mobility would likely be associated with decreased metabolic activity and increased peroxidative damage~oth well-established phenomena in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease, with no known cause.
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From page 105...
... The demonstration that iron is also involved in the synthesis and degradation of fatty acids and cholesterol in the brain may have direct relevance to a recent report that cholesterol concentrations are lower in brain regions known to undergo the neurodegenerative changes caused by Alzheimer's disease Reason et al., 1991~. Recently developed free-radical scavengers and specific iron chelators that cross the blood-brain barrier have already been used as palliative agents in central nervous system trauma.
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From page 106...
... Other demyelinating diseases, such as Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (reduced transferrin levels and appearance of biochemically abnormal transferring, progressive rubella panencephalitis (iron deposits in cells in centrum ovale) , and the demyelination associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection (siderotic microglia in the demyelinated regions)
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From page 107...
... 1983. Direct demonstration that ferrous iron complexes of di- and triphosphate nucleotides catalyze hydroxyl free radical formation from hydrogen peroxide.
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From page 108...
... 1988. Suppression of experimental autoimmune neuritis by the oxygen radical scavenger superoxide dismutase and catalase.
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From page 109...
... 1992a. Distribution of transferrin receptors in relation to cytochrome oxidase activity in the human spinal cord, lower brainstem and cerebellum.
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From page 110...
... 1991. Effect of dietary iron deficiency or excess on the induction of mammary carcinogenesis by 1-methyl-1nitrosourea.
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From page 111...
... 1992. Clinically silent mutation in the putative iron-response element in exon 17 of the ~amyloid precursor protein gene.
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Key Terms

  • dietary iron
  • oxidative damage
  • serum ferritin
  • ferritin concentration
  • iron deficiency

  • transferrin receptors
  • ferritin concentrations
  • mammary carcinogenesis
  • van der
  • body iron

  • oxidative metabolism
  • precursor protein
  • rats fed
  • fenton reaction
  • ferrous iron

  • iron intake
  • myocardial infarction
  • iron overload
  • mice fed
  • iron transport

  • central pontine
  • highly reactive
  • der kraaij
  • central nervous
  • metabolic activity

  • amyloid precursor
  • iron levels
  • plasma ferritin
  • iron homeostasis
  • free iron


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