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From page 119... ... B-1 APPENDIX B: NCHRP PROJECT 20-59(33) CASE STUDIES TABLE OF CONTENTS Summary: Lessons from In-Depth Case Studies, B-2 9/11, New York City, New York, 2001, B-5 Event and Recovery Summary, B-5 Pre-Event Planning for Recovery, B-9 Lessons for Recovery, B-10 Processes and Tools, B-12 References, B-14 London Transit Bombing, London, UK, 2005, B-16 Event and Recovery Summary, B-16 Pre-Event Planning for Recovery, B-20 Lessons for Recovery, B-22 Processes and Tools, B-23 References, B-24 Howard Street Tunnel Fire, Baltimore, Maryland, 2001, B-26 Event and Recovery Summary, B-26 Lessons for Recovery, B-29 Processes and Tools, B-33 References, B-34 2009 California Wildfire, Los Angeles, CA, B-35 Event and Recovery Summary, B-35 Pre-Event Planning for Recovery, B-36 Lessons for Recovery, B-37 Processes and Tools, B-38 References, B-39 Midwest Flooding, 2008, B-40 Event and Recovery Summary, B-40 Pre-Event Planning for Recovery, B-41 Lessons for Recovery, B-42 Processes and Tools, B-43 References, B-44 Asset Management Systems, B-46 What Are Transportation Asset Management Systems? Read the entire page →
From page 120... ... B-2 A Pre-Event Recovery Planning Guide for Transportation The limited guidance on pre-event planning for recovery of transportation systems required a compilation of lessons from case studies of infrastructure recovery. Five indepth case studies were done that represent a cross-section of infrastructure owners and operators. Read the entire page →
From page 121... ... Appendix B: NCHRP Project 20-59(33) Case Studies B-3 Use existing plans and footprints where possible. Read the entire page →
From page 122... ... B-4 A Pre-Event Recovery Planning Guide for Transportation Maintain and provide access to designs, plans, and other key data. After 9/11, availability of information on designs, plans and other key data became an issue because key plans and documents were stored in the WTC. Read the entire page →
From page 123... ... Appendix B: NCHRP Project 20-59(33) Case Studies B-5 9/11, NEW YORK CITY, NEW YORK, 2001 EVENT AND RECOVERY SUMMARY Synopsis of Event On the morning of September 11, 2001, hijackers flew two 767 jets into the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center complex in a coordinated attack. Read the entire page →
From page 124... ... B-6 A Pre-Event Recovery Planning Guide for Transportation The potential for the Hudson River to create extensive system flooding due to the collapse of the "bathtub" surrounding the WTC site was not anticipated. Concrete tunnel plugs had to be put in place quickly and then removed when the recovery projects were underway. Read the entire page →
From page 125... ... Appendix B: NCHRP Project 20-59(33) Case Studies B-7 2. Read the entire page →
From page 126... ... B-8 A Pre-Event Recovery Planning Guide for Transportation Transportation WTC Hub technical advisor on the restoration of PATH service between the sites. "That was a real lesson we learned. Read the entire page →
From page 127... ... Appendix B: NCHRP Project 20-59(33) Case Studies B-9 MTA/NYC Transit Reconstruction The removal of all debris from the collapsed World Trade Center buildings and an open cut excavation including the demolition of the remaining existing concrete structure of the 1 and 9 subway was completed in less than 6 weeks. Read the entire page →
From page 128... ... B-10 A Pre-Event Recovery Planning Guide for Transportation senior personnel were lost along with critical infrastructure. Others had to quickly step up to replace those who were lost. Read the entire page →
From page 129... ... Appendix B: NCHRP Project 20-59(33) Case Studies B-11 tunnel plugs put in place due to flooding had to be removed when the recovery projects were underway. Read the entire page →
From page 130... ... B-12 A Pre-Event Recovery Planning Guide for Transportation Use Existing Plans and Footprints Where Possible In order to restore train service to the world Trade Center site as quickly as possible, a temporary PATH terminal was built at the same location as the destroyed facility. This enabled engineers to utilize previous alignments and minimize additional excavation and foundation work. Read the entire page →
From page 131... ... Appendix B: NCHRP Project 20-59(33) Case Studies B-13 For example, they decided to use all rolled sections for the structural steel of the World Trade Center Station, because it would not require time-consuming fabrication. Read the entire page →
From page 132... ... B-14 A Pre-Event Recovery Planning Guide for Transportation − Creating an early partnering agreement between FTA and each project sponsor that established environmental actions and project scope, schedule and budget, and project oversight protocols. • Project Oversight − Creation of an oversight team with members drawn from FTA staff and contractors to focus on project management oversight (PMO) Read the entire page →
From page 133... ... Appendix B: NCHRP Project 20-59(33) Case Studies B-15 Lessons Learned in the 9-11 Terrorist Attacks, Mineta Transportation Institution, September 2003. Read the entire page →
From page 134... ... B-16 A Pre-Event Recovery Planning Guide for Transportation LONDON TRANSIT BOMBING, LONDON, UK, 2005 EVENT AND RECOVERY SUMMARY Synopsis of Event At 8:50 a.m., during the morning rush of July 7, 2005, three bombs exploded within 50 seconds of each other on three different London Underground (tube) trains. Read the entire page →
From page 135... ... Appendix B: NCHRP Project 20-59(33) Case Studies B-17 Because the blasts occurred on trains that were between stations and the wounded were emerging from both stations, responders originally thought there had been six explosions at two different Underground stations. Read the entire page →
From page 136... ... B-18 A Pre-Event Recovery Planning Guide for Transportation • Aldgate/Circle Line: Explosion in second carriage by first set of double doors. Edgeware Road/Circle Line: Explosion in second carriage by first set of double doors. Read the entire page →
From page 137... ... Appendix B: NCHRP Project 20-59(33) Case Studies B-19 Restoration of Service For most of July 7, the complete closure of the underground system, including shutting down the Zone 1 bus networks and the evacuation of Russell Square, effectively crippled Central London's public transport system. Read the entire page →
From page 138... ... B-20 A Pre-Event Recovery Planning Guide for Transportation however, was running normally. Although service remained suspended on the Circle Line, other lines served all Circle Line stations. Read the entire page →
From page 139... ... Appendix B: NCHRP Project 20-59(33) Case Studies B-21 Pre-Defined Organization Roles and Responsibilities Were Identified The London Emergency Services Liaison Panel (LESLP) Read the entire page →
From page 140... ... B-22 A Pre-Event Recovery Planning Guide for Transportation both as a system and in conjunction with the emergency services and other transport partners." Because these procedures were in place at the time of the 2005 bombings, there was limited confusion about the roles and responsibilities of responding agencies. Training Exercises Had Taken Place Tim O'Toole, the former TfL Managing Director, is convinced that planning exercises conducted prior to the event created a shared knowledge across the various agencies as to who would do what, which permitted the transit network to return to operations relatively quickly. Read the entire page →
From page 141... ... Appendix B: NCHRP Project 20-59(33) Case Studies B-23 a recovery management structure (Gold/Silver/Bronze or Strategic/Tactical/Operational) Read the entire page →
From page 142... ... B-24 A Pre-Event Recovery Planning Guide for Transportation templates, which is frequently reviewed. Templates are created for Operational Assets and Buildings/Infrastructure. Read the entire page →
From page 143... ... Appendix B: NCHRP Project 20-59(33) Case Studies B-25 Ross, Peter. Read the entire page →
From page 144... ... B-26 A Pre-Event Recovery Planning Guide for Transportation HOWARD STREET TUNNEL FIRE, BALTIMORE, MARYLAND, 2001 EVENT AND RECOVERY SUMMARY Synopsis of Event At 3:08 p.m. on the afternoon of Wednesday, July 18, 2001, a portion of a 60-car CSXT freight train derailed in the Howard Street Tunnel, causing a major fire. Read the entire page →
From page 145... ... Appendix B: NCHRP Project 20-59(33) Case Studies B-27 come to a stop in the tunnel. Read the entire page →
From page 146... ... B-28 A Pre-Event Recovery Planning Guide for Transportation On July 21, emergency personnel were able to remove three cars from the tunnel with their contents still burning, and emergency responders were able to contain and extinguish the fire over the next 2 days. Recovery of Critical Infrastructure The initial clean up from the tunnel fire took approximately 5 days. Read the entire page →
From page 147... ... Appendix B: NCHRP Project 20-59(33) Case Studies B-29 data transmission, causing backbone slowdowns for ISPs such as Metromedia Fiber Network, Inc.; WorldCom, Inc.; and PSINet, Inc. Read the entire page →
From page 148... ... B-30 A Pre-Event Recovery Planning Guide for Transportation This delay had a profound impact on the spread of the fire, giving it time to smolder and expand to flammable cargo in the train cars behind the punctured tanker. Had there been immediate notification of the derailment, Fire Department personnel may have been able to contain the chemical spill, suppress the fire, and prevent the water main break, thus reducing the arduous tasks and costs of a multiple-day response to the incident. Read the entire page →
From page 149... ... Appendix B: NCHRP Project 20-59(33) Case Studies B-31 other nearby critical structures, including power substations and grids for the rail systems, water and gas lines, buildings, roadways, sidewalks, etc. Read the entire page →
From page 150... ... B-32 A Pre-Event Recovery Planning Guide for Transportation Within cities, communications lines concentrate in physical locations called carrier "hotels," otherwise known as telco or telecom hotels. They may be buildings, tunnels, viaducts, or other existing key structures. Read the entire page →
From page 151... ... Appendix B: NCHRP Project 20-59(33) Case Studies B-33 maintaining tunnels. Read the entire page →
From page 152... ... B-34 A Pre-Event Recovery Planning Guide for Transportation worst-case scenarios; and consider the impacts of loss and the time, money, and effort required to restore systems to operation at previous service levels. These assessments must be performed throughout the lifecycle of the critical infrastructure asset. Read the entire page →
From page 153... ... Appendix B: NCHRP Project 20-59(33) Case Studies B-35 2009 CALIFORNIA WILDFIRE, LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA EVENT AND RECOVERY SUMMARY Synopsis of Event On the afternoon of August 26, 2009, at approximately 3:30 p.m., the Station Fire commenced. Read the entire page →
From page 154... ... B-36 A Pre-Event Recovery Planning Guide for Transportation Almost a year later, these highway structures were not yet open to the public due to effects from massive mud slides enabled by the fire during and after containment. Impact of Cascading Consequences The complete burn off, with extensive burning and destruction of vegetation in the forest area where the rocky terrain is steep and unstable, meant that massive rock and mudslides could occur without warning. Read the entire page →
From page 155... ... Appendix B: NCHRP Project 20-59(33) Case Studies B-37 resources and identification of staging areas for resources were done in advance. Read the entire page →
From page 156... ... B-38 A Pre-Event Recovery Planning Guide for Transportation Plan for the Full Chain of Events Understanding the potential cascading effects of an event is critical to recovery. Planning for the full chain of events -- e.g., potential mudslides occurring after wildfires -- will improve the effectiveness of the recovery process. Read the entire page →
From page 157... ... Appendix B: NCHRP Project 20-59(33) Case Studies B-39 Recovery Included in Existing Plans The California State Emergency Plan includes a Recovery section that Caltrans helped to develop. Read the entire page →
From page 158... ... B-40 A Pre-Event Recovery Planning Guide for Transportation MIDWEST FLOODING, 2008 EVENT AND RECOVERY SUMMARY Synopsis of Event In June 2008, much of the Midwestern United States received over 12 inches of rainfall as several storm systems sequentially impacted the region. The vast majority of the precipitation was channeled directly into lakes, rivers, and streams as runoff. Read the entire page →
From page 159... ... Appendix B: NCHRP Project 20-59(33) Case Studies B-41 Recovery of Critical Infrastructure The Iowa DOT was the only agency in Iowa that had the staff and equipment needed for disaster response and recovery. Read the entire page →
From page 160... ... B-42 A Pre-Event Recovery Planning Guide for Transportation Iowa DOT also engages in executive-level decision-making in recovery efforts such as defining and committing resources to flood-damaged areas throughout the state (both personnel and equipment) and working with other state agencies to coordinate disaster response and recovery efforts. Read the entire page →
From page 161... ... Appendix B: NCHRP Project 20-59(33) Case Studies B-43 Recognizing the need to repair all of the damaged roads, bridges, and other transportation infrastructure within the state, plans were made to fund these repairs through grants from U.S. Read the entire page →
From page 162... ... B-44 A Pre-Event Recovery Planning Guide for Transportation The ERMS electronically stores and organizes 1.2 million CADD records representing over 6 million pages of information. The decreased personnel productivity from the time-consuming tasks of paper handling and the inefficient process for storing, routing, and approving documents are removed from the recovery work flow process, allowing the Iowa DOT personnel to focus their resources on other tasks. Read the entire page →
From page 163... ... Appendix B: NCHRP Project 20-59(33) Case Studies B-45 http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/ildiv/handout.htm US Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration: Special Federal Aid Funding, Chapter II - Eligibility of Damage Repair Work. Read the entire page →
From page 164... ... B-46 A Pre-Event Recovery Planning Guide for Transportation ASSET MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS In this case study, the research team explored the use of asset management systems (AMS) as tools for resource allocation and performance measurement for managers of transportation infrastructure and the application of AMS for purposes of emergency management and disaster recovery. Read the entire page →
From page 165... ... Appendix B: NCHRP Project 20-59(33) Case Studies B-47 maintain their assets, justify their resource requests, explore the economic trade-off of investment alternatives over time, and improve the experience of the end user. Read the entire page →
From page 166... ... Survey of Selected States with Asset Management Systems Michigan Montana Ohio Vermont AMS Program Transportation Management System (TMS) Read the entire page →
From page 167... ... Michigan Montana Ohio Vermont Reason for Initiating Justiﬁcation for funding, system preservation, and accountability. Improve pavement condition, prioritize funding allocation, improve customer experience, satisfaction, and accountability. Read the entire page →
From page 168... ... Michigan Montana Ohio Vermont Identify and Evaluate Project Alternatives Yes Yes Yes Yes System Integration TMS is a single management system with six subsystems: Bridge, Congestion, Intermodal, Pavement, Public Transportation, and Safety. This allows the TMS to include a common shared database, a common set of decision support tools and functionality, and the use of a robust and consistent user interface. Read the entire page →
From page 169... ... Michigan Montana Ohio Vermont Linked to Resource Allocation and Decision Making Yes P3 "guides" the project nomination process and the P3 performance measures are considered during project selection. Yes, priority funding recommendations are made based on OPI performance measures and strategic goals. Read the entire page →
From page 170... ... B-52 A Pre-Event Recovery Planning Guide for Transportation The results of the state DOT survey reflect the original assumptions that AMS are applied to varying degrees, are inconsistently integrated into DOT strategic planning, and are still in the expansion and development phases. On the other hand, these examples do show that the state DOTs surveyed collect and analyze a large amount of complex and potentially useful data. Read the entire page →
From page 171... ... Appendix B: NCHRP Project 20-59(33) Case Studies B-53 construction and maintenance methods to mitigate risk of failure during emergency events. Read the entire page →
From page 172... ... B-54 A Pre-Event Recovery Planning Guide for Transportation 3. AMS could be expanded to incorporate pre-disaster mitigation and recovery as performance measurements, providing an iterative and accountable system for improving the resiliency of transportation assets. Read the entire page →

From page 119...

... B-1 APPENDIX B: NCHRP PROJECT 20-59(33) CASE STUDIES TABLE OF CONTENTS Summary: Lessons from In-Depth Case Studies, B-2 9/11, New York City, New York, 2001, B-5 Event and Recovery Summary, B-5 Pre-Event Planning for Recovery, B-9 Lessons for Recovery, B-10 Processes and Tools, B-12 References, B-14 London Transit Bombing, London, UK, 2005, B-16 Event and Recovery Summary, B-16 Pre-Event Planning for Recovery, B-20 Lessons for Recovery, B-22 Processes and Tools, B-23 References, B-24 Howard Street Tunnel Fire, Baltimore, Maryland, 2001, B-26 Event and Recovery Summary, B-26 Lessons for Recovery, B-29 Processes and Tools, B-33 References, B-34 2009 California Wildfire, Los Angeles, CA, B-35 Event and Recovery Summary, B-35 Pre-Event Planning for Recovery, B-36 Lessons for Recovery, B-37 Processes and Tools, B-38 References, B-39 Midwest Flooding, 2008, B-40 Event and Recovery Summary, B-40 Pre-Event Planning for Recovery, B-41 Lessons for Recovery, B-42 Processes and Tools, B-43 References, B-44 Asset Management Systems, B-46 What Are Transportation Asset Management Systems?