Recycled Materials and Byproducts in Highway Applications—Summary Report, Volume 1 (2013) / Chapter Skim
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Recycled materials and industrial byproducts are being used in highway applications with increasing frequency. Although there is a growing body of experience showing that these materials work well in a number of highway applications, the related information and experience are not synthesized in a coherent body.
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2 • Barriers: Identify the major scientific, contractual, and perceptual barriers to adoption of suitable alternative materials by states and steps used to overcome these barriers. • Costs: Identify cost savings from use of recycling, including energy and materials.
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3 test metHods In some cases, standard test methods may need to adjust certain handling and mixing methods such as how long to dry a material to a constant weight or when and how to add the byproduct during mixing. Highly water-absorptive byproducts may need further adjustments to laboratory drying times so that an accurate measure of moisture at the time of construction can be obtained.
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4 applications consider differences in specific gravities and moisture absorption. PCC applications are adjusted for specific gravities, inclusion of cementitious materials (i.e., pozzolans)
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5 to design and monitor the uniformity of the project. Additional testing can increase both the design and construction costs.
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6 Environmental testing programs along with environmental cost information are needed to assess the environmental costs and benefits of applications that use byproducts. Life-cycle environmental assessments require information on anticipated changes in energy and heat for both the traditional raw materials and byproducts in the application process.
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7 Mineralogical, chemical, and mechanical properties for each source of byproduct need to be developed so that changes in key properties over time and between sources can be defined; this will help in the development of byproduct specifications for physical and chemical properties. Standard test method adjustments are required to properly evaluate byproduct and highway application product properties and performance.
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8 Key byproduct properties that relate to the application product properties and constructability must be conveyed to the byproduct supplier. It is important that agencies and contractors understand the original materials and processes that produce the byproduct.
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