The National Academies Press

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Pages 89-109

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From page 89... ... 89 Chapter 4 of this report contains two sections. The first section compares the results of the three research methodologies, describes and justifies any modifications, and recommends the final fuel usage factors. Read the entire page →
From page 90... ... 90 Fuel Usage Factors in highway and Bridge Construction contracting community. The objective of this effort was to ascertain fuel use information from contractors representing a broad sample of regions, firm sizes, project locations, and work activities. Read the entire page →
From page 91... ... Conclusions, recommendations, and Future research 91 Conclusion Exhibit 44 compares the values from the four different data sources. For comparison purposes, the heavy, medium, and light clearing tasks in the engineering study were combined into an average value, as detail by intensity was available in Technical Advisory T5080.3 or in the survey. Read the entire page →
From page 92... ... 92 Fuel Usage Factors in highway and Bridge Construction Analysis of the Results • 1980 Technical Advisory -- The values in Technical Advisory T5080.3 range from 0.38 to 0.64 gallons per cubic yard. This range includes rock and dirt excavation activities. Read the entire page →
From page 93... ... Conclusions, recommendations, and Future research 93 To facilitate comparisons across estimating methodologies, Exhibits 47 through 49 provide average data for particular types of grading. Exhibit 47 provides data by soil type, Exhibit 48 provides data by length of haul, and Exhibit 49 provides data for on and offroad hauls. Read the entire page →
From page 94... ... 94 Fuel Usage Factors in highway and Bridge Construction Conclusion Exhibit 411 represents the values from the four different data sources. Technical Advisory T5080.3 lists values for both long and short haul, where the engineering study only lists one value for the task. Read the entire page →
From page 95... ... Conclusions, recommendations, and Future research 95 • Engineering Study -- The engineering study was based on three different average haul distances (0–5 miles, 5–15 miles, over 15 miles) as well as three different mix types (leveling, structural, and surface courses) Read the entire page →
From page 96... ... 96 Fuel Usage Factors in highway and Bridge Construction mix types in the contractor survey was not significant, and many respondents reported the same fuel use values for each mix type. The haul distance was a much larger factor in determining fuel consumption than place and compact activities. Read the entire page →
From page 97... ... Conclusions, recommendations, and Future research 97 Analysis of the Results • 1980 Technical Advisory -- Technical Advisory T5080.3 does not include any data for milling operations. • Survey Results -- The results from the survey were consistent for each question. Read the entire page →
From page 98... ... 98 Fuel Usage Factors in highway and Bridge Construction study. The specific areas that were reevaluated were the hauling cycle times and the crew production rates. Read the entire page →
From page 99... ... Conclusions, recommendations, and Future research 99 One of the main products of this project is the formulation of a fuel usage factor for bridge construction that is measured on a square foot basis and not on a per contract dollar basis. The project team estimated the construction steps and components, quantities, fuel used, and -- finally -- the gallons of fuel used per square foot of deck for a mediumsized bridge. Read the entire page →
From page 100... ... 100 Fuel Usage Factors in highway and Bridge Construction Conclusion Exhibit 424 presents the values from the four different data sources. In order to compare Technical Advisory T5080.3 values with the other results, the research team investigated average unit prices for a select group of items that closely match the items listed in the above tables. Read the entire page →
From page 101... ... Conclusions, recommendations, and Future research 101 Conclusion Exhibit 427 represents the values from the four different data sources. Based on these estimates, the engineering team separated the hauling of the concrete from the placement activities in order to facilitate comparisons. Read the entire page →
From page 102... ... 102 Fuel Usage Factors in highway and Bridge Construction 4.1.8 Drainage Pipe and Structures This section presents the research team's findings regarding the fuel usage associated with drainage pipe and structure activities. This category includes the installation of concrete water and sewage pipes. Read the entire page →
From page 103... ... Conclusions, recommendations, and Future research 103 4.1.9 Specialty Items This section presents the research team's findings regarding the fuel usage associated with specialty items. This category includes other items that are not categorized in the above areas, including signalization, fencing, striping, and other activities. Read the entire page →
From page 104... ... 104 Fuel Usage Factors in highway and Bridge Construction highway construction or maintenance. However, this guidance will also be useful for a variety of other entities and uses. Read the entire page →
From page 105... ... Conclusions, recommendations, and Future research 105 which account for 32.6 percent of all roads. Although ownership data for paved roads is only available for select functional classes, available data are sufficient to establish that state highway agencies own no more than 28.5 percent of paved roads. Read the entire page →
From page 106... ... 106 Fuel Usage Factors in highway and Bridge Construction to airport construction and expansion. Parking facilities include roadways, parking surfaces (which are akin to road surfaces) Read the entire page →
From page 107... ... Conclusions, recommendations, and Future research 107 4.2.5 Contractors Contractors can use fuel factor data to better understand and manage their fuel use and to prepare more accurate cost estimates. Although most contractors have systems and other methods to estimate their fuel use, the availability of updated fuel factors can provide them with a benchmark to assess their estimates as well as their level of fuel efficiency. Read the entire page →
From page 108... ... 108 Fuel Usage Factors in highway and Bridge Construction • Construction activities at the jobsite make up less than 5 percent of energy use and CO2 emissions, and • Transportation associated with construction makes up 10 to 30 percent of energy use and about 10 percent of CO2 emissions associated with construction. The fuel factors data developed for this study could provide additional data observations for use in similar studies. Read the entire page →
From page 109... ... Conclusions, recommendations, and Future research 109 4.2.7 Summary and Conclusions A range of potential uses exists for the fuel usage factors data collected in this study. The data can be used by entities other than state DOTs for both highway contracting and construction of facilities for other transportation modes. Read the entire page →

From page 89...

... 89 Chapter 4 of this report contains two sections. The first section compares the results of the three research methodologies, describes and justifies any modifications, and recommends the final fuel usage factors.