A Compendium of Best Practices and Lessons Learned for Improving Local Community Recovery from Disastrous Hazardous Materials Transportation Incidents (2012) / Chapter Skim
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2The goal of this report is to identify best practices, lessons learned, and sound planning approaches aimed at restoring and revitalizing a community following a disastrous hazardous materials transportation incident as pictured in Figure 1-1. It is intended for use by the full range of public, private, and non-governmental organizations that play a role in community disaster recovery for urban, suburban and rural jurisdictions.
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Introduction 3 1.2 Guiding Principles Whether resulting from a hazardous materials transportation incident or a natural, technological, or man-made disaster, experience shows that the framework for a recovery process generally has four common elements. This report is organized to consider the following: 1.
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4 A Compendium of Best Practices and Lessons Learned Figure 1-2. Document flow in relation to operations.
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Introduction 5 occurs and the details of casualties and damage are known, the specific requirements of the programs are identified and these programs are implemented. When the community has been restored to its pre-incident condition, the recovery organization can look to implementing mitigation measures that were identified during operations, as well as ensuring that the longterm economic recovery continues.
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6 A Compendium of Best Practices and Lessons Learned In general terms, this could be interpreted to mean a hazardous materials incident becomes disastrous when the local community does not have sufficient, available resources to effectively respond to, and recover from, the incident and must obtain the needed resources from another entity or entities. 1.3.2 Modes of Transportation for Hazardous Materials2 Table 1-1 considers nine classes of hazardous materials and the quantities transported.
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Introduction 7 Table 1-3 presents hazardous materials versus non-hazardous materials in the terms of percentages by mode of transportation. Together, these three tables demonstrate that • Class 3 Flammable Liquids represent the greatest volume of hazardous material shipped in the United States; • The most common form of transportation for hazardous materials is by truck at 53.9 percent; and • Of all materials shipped in the United States, 17.8 percent are hazardous materials.
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8 A Compendium of Best Practices and Lessons Learned hazard (TIH)
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Introduction 9 1.4 Other Considerations The following subsections address other foundational recovery terms and concepts that may influence or contribute to the success of a community's recovery effort. 1.4.1 Transportation Accident or Hazardous Materials Incident?
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10 A Compendium of Best Practices and Lessons Learned Further, the NDRF8 provides the following distinctions for characterizing the phases of recovery: • Short-term Recovery – Phase of recovery that addresses the health and safety needs beyond rescue, the assessment of the scope of damages and needs, the restoration of basic infrastructure and the mobilization of recovery organizations and resources including restarting and/ or restoring essential services for recovery decisionmaking. • Intermediate Recovery – Phase of recovery that involves returning individuals and families, critical infrastructure and essential government or commercial services back to a functional, if not pre-disaster state.
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Introduction 11 (SOURCE: Baird, Malcolm E., Ph.D., P.E., The Recovery Phase of Emergency Management, Vanderbilt Center for Transportation Research (VECTOR) , for Intermodal Freight Transportation Institute (ITFI)
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