Hydraulic Loss Coefficients for Culverts (2012) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 81-83
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From page 81... ...
81 a = empirical coefficient to power law relationship A = sectional flow area of culvert barrel or channel [L2] A1 = control volume cross-sectional flow area at location 1 (see Figure 4-1)
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From page 82... ...
82 Hwi = headwater depth upstream of a culvert relative to the culvert invert (or streambed for a buried-invert culvert) at the inlet [L]
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From page 83... ...
83 x′ = exponent applied to Rh in basic uniform-flow equation y = flow depth y′ = exponent applied to S in basic uniform-flow equation yaverage = average channel profile flow depth [L] ycalculated = flow depth calculated by the GVF computer program ymeasured = measured flow depth yn = normal depth [L]
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