Evaluating Airfield Capacity (2012) / Chapter Skim
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1Introduction and Background ACRP Report 79: Evaluating Airfield Capacity is the end product of ACRP Project 03-17 of the same name, which was undertaken in 2009 with the primary objective of developing a guidebook to assist airport planners with airfield and airspace capacity evaluation at all types of airports. Specific objectives were established for the guidebook, as follows: • Assess relevant methods and modeling techniques for evaluating existing and future capacity for airports beyond those outlined in the current FAA's Advisory Circular 150/5060-5, Airport Capacity and Delay (hereinafter referred to as the AC)
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2 evaluating airfield Capacity decision-support tools that can be used in selecting the appropriate level of modeling sophistication for a given application and set of circumstances. Intended Audience The guidebook's intended audience includes a wide range of potential users, such as airport operators, regional planning agencies, state aviation agencies, airport consultants, aviation researchers, FAA planners, and other public and private aviation organizations.
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Introduction and Background 3 Overview of Airfield Capacity The research for this project focused specifically on the capacity of runways and close-in terminal airspace. The term airfield generally refers to close-in terminal airspace, runways, taxiways, apron areas, and holding bays.
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4 evaluating airfield Capacity line. In this figure, the point where the solid line intercepts the vertical axis is the arrivals-only capacity; the point where the solid line intercepts the horizontal axis is the departures-only capacity; and any point along the curve represents the maximum sustainable throughput for that combination of arrivals and departures.
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Introduction and Background 5 Traffic Organization (ATO) for purposes of its air traffic management initiatives.
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6 evaluating airfield Capacity Simulation models generally are fast-time models that emulate the movement of aircraft using statistical sampling techniques, including random variables or Monte Carlo sampling techniques. As measured in a simulation model, time may be faster than real time, match real time, or be slower than real time, depending on the complexity of the simulation.
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Introduction and Background 7 • ATC rules and procedures • Technologies associated with flight procedures, aircraft navigation, ATC surveillance, and pilot-controller communications • Aircraft type performance characteristics • Airport design standards • Availability of data on aircraft operations and performance For example, since the most recent update of the AC in 1995, ATC procedures have changed, new aircraft types have been introduced, and new navigation technologies have been implemented. These changes have not been addressed in new FAA guidance to date, although they are being considered in FAA's plans to update the AC.
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8 evaluating airfield Capacity Treatment of Small Airports Airfield capacity issues for small airports are quite different from those for larger airports. Oftentimes, airfield capacity is not a known or recognized issue at a small airport, and detailed capacity analyses are not undertaken.
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Introduction and Background 9 estimating airfield capacity were developed several decades ago, in an environment where mainframe computers could occupy an entire room. Desktop and laptop computers are now commonplace and have considerable processing power.
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10 evaluating airfield Capacity Source: Federal Aviation Administration. Figure 1-4.
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Introduction and Background 11 • Chapter 3, "Existing Airfield Capacity Evaluation Tools," describes the five levels of modeling sophistication identified in this research project. For each level, the applications; data requirements; model assumptions, inputs, outputs, and limitations; time, cost, and training requirements; model availability; model limitations and gaps; and other factors are presented.
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