Current Hazardous Materials Transportation Research and Future Needs (2012) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 81-103
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From page 81... ...
Current Hazardous Materials Transportation Research and Future Needs April 17, 2012 76 6. Perceived Gap Analysis and Research Needs 6.1.
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From page 82... ...
Current Hazardous Materials Transportation Research and Future Needs April 17, 2012 77 FRA personnel suggested that research is needed into two issues involving rural emergency response. One such issue is how rural areas under differing rural response structures, such as all-volunteer vs.
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From page 83... ...
Current Hazardous Materials Transportation Research and Future Needs April 17, 2012 78 pursued in order to continue to provide critical information to responders without revealing that information to the public at large. While no recent research has focused on alternative methods of placarding, the AAR has conducted an investigation on alternatives to qualification markings to facilitate electronic fleet management (see project 49)
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From page 84... ...
Current Hazardous Materials Transportation Research and Future Needs April 17, 2012 79 Gap Summary • While there is a lot of research and work related to facility risk assessment, there appears to be a need for additional research or collection of best practices for distribution facility risk assessment. • There is a need to develop industrial explosion event probability data or applicable proxies for application to risk assessments outside North America.
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From page 85... ...
Current Hazardous Materials Transportation Research and Future Needs April 17, 2012 80 6.1.5. Hazmat Release Consequences Interviewees suggested several perceived gaps in research regarding data for quantifying consequences to human health and society from hazmat releases.
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From page 86... ...
Current Hazardous Materials Transportation Research and Future Needs April 17, 2012 81 6.1.7. Integration of Safety and Security Representatives of the AT040 committee see the integration of safety and security in risk assessments and regulations as an area requiring new research initiatives.
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From page 87... ...
Current Hazardous Materials Transportation Research and Future Needs April 17, 2012 82 research efforts be devoted to characterizing the behavior of packages of perforating guns. It is industry practice to assume that these devices, which are stored and shipped in packed groups, detonate in unison if any one device within the package detonates unexpectedly.
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From page 88... ...
Current Hazardous Materials Transportation Research and Future Needs April 17, 2012 83 more useful if regulators had criteria for using model output to make decisions. Research is needed into the establishment of guidelines that dictate decisions to be made given risk model output.
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From page 89... ...
Current Hazardous Materials Transportation Research and Future Needs April 17, 2012 84 6.1.10. Other Perceived Areas for Future Research PHMSA OPS personnel suggested that an investigation be conducted into the effects of international, state, and intrastate hazmat standards and pipeline regulations on pipeline operators.
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From page 90... ...
Current Hazardous Materials Transportation Research and Future Needs April 17, 2012 85 Beyond this project, there are several recent research efforts that are less focused on building a detection and correction methodology, but may be applicable to such an effort. These projects include research by Transport Canada in which available accident information in the U.S.
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From page 91... ...
Current Hazardous Materials Transportation Research and Future Needs April 17, 2012 86 Perceived Gaps AA R Ca lif or ni a EM A D H S/ TS A a nd C SA C Ch em ic al C om pa ni es FA A FR A IM E JH U A PL N PS & O RC PH M SA /O H M PH M SA /O PS Te xa s A & M TR B - A T0 40 TR B - H M CR P U K/ KT C Va nd er bi lt Improved methods for estimating economic costs of hazmat incidents Proactive identification and selection of candidate research projects Better understand how research can drive public policy Standardized approach for integrating safety and security assessments Study the interrelationships between current safety and security regulations More risk-based analyses of high-strength steel Standardization of hoses and/or processes for transferring hazmat Additional packaging testing research for commercial explosives Local testing of pipeline conditions as infrastructure ages Alternate fuel implications on the transportation infrastructure More guidance on decision making that relies on risk model outputs Nationally accepted, chemical-based risk assessment model Address issues with comparative risk assessments across modes Study public risk perception in hazmat transportation Explore the effects of multiple, varying regulatory schemes on pipelines Examine the gaps in training and succession planning Explore better means for protecting the US supply chain Validate existing hazmat accident data 6.2. Research Overlaps As one might expect, there are some overlaps in the hazmat transportation research being conducted by the many organizations contacted during this project.
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From page 92... ...
Current Hazardous Materials Transportation Research and Future Needs April 17, 2012 87 long-term technologies that hold particular promise. For some of the other new technology projects, see HM-04's entry in Appendix B (project 22)
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From page 93... ...
Current Hazardous Materials Transportation Research and Future Needs April 17, 2012 88 Pipeline Safety (OPS)
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From page 94... ...
Current Hazardous Materials Transportation Research and Future Needs April 17, 2012 89 6.2.5. Container Improvement Many organizations are researching potential improvements in container design and materials.
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From page 95... ...
Current Hazardous Materials Transportation Research and Future Needs April 17, 2012 90 Reducing cargo tank incidents and rollovers has been the focus of several recent hazmat training projects. For example, the FMCSA is examining the potential benefits to cargo tank safety from public outreach in the form of dissemination of an informational video (see project 89)
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From page 96... ...
Current Hazardous Materials Transportation Research and Future Needs April 17, 2012 91 study also investigates tactical planning using cost terms, with a focus on rail transportation (see project 176)
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Current Hazardous Materials Transportation Research and Future Needs April 17, 2012 92 6.3.1.2. Human Factors Issues for Hazardous Cargo Handling Human factors are an important element in the transportation of hazardous materials.
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From page 98... ...
Current Hazardous Materials Transportation Research and Future Needs April 17, 2012 93 This guidebook should include, but not be limited to, information on biological, chemical, and infectious substances and would address specific actions for qualified hazmat responders, in addition to first responders. Because of the urgency of hazmat incidents, the guidebook should be as concise as possible, without sacrificing the quality and thoroughness of the information presented.
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From page 99... ...
Current Hazardous Materials Transportation Research and Future Needs April 17, 2012 94 While the information on a shipping paper can better inform emergency response actions, the initial assessment of the type of materials involved in an incident is currently obtained from the hazmat placards on the outside of the vehicle, tank car, cargo tank, etc. This project will leverage the work already completed in HM-ACCESS and HM-05 to explore the potential for adopting alternate technologies only for placarding, the benefits that would be expected, technical and operational issues that might exist, and recommended paths forward.
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Current Hazardous Materials Transportation Research and Future Needs April 17, 2012 95 distribution patterns (e.g., commodity type, volume, mode, origin-destination pair)
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Current Hazardous Materials Transportation Research and Future Needs April 17, 2012 96 6.3.7. Materials and Equipment Testing 6.3.7.1.
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Current Hazardous Materials Transportation Research and Future Needs April 17, 2012 97 and models for steel pipe and to identify gaps, (c) document the critical differences in operation, inspection, and monitoring between high-strength steel and other types of pipe.
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Current Hazardous Materials Transportation Research and Future Needs April 17, 2012 98 The objective of this project is to investigate the effect of shipping hazmat by differing modes on the risk associated with the shipment. The project should (a)
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