A Guidebook for Nighttime Construction: Impacts on Safety, Quality, and Productivity (2012) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 63-71
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From page 63... ...
63 A significant concern and perceived disadvantage of nighttime construction is that construction costs are higher. However, a careful review of past studies of nighttime construction costs indicates that, while in certain circumstances costs are higher, in most cases, nighttime construction costs are comparable or even less than those experienced with daytime work.
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From page 64... ...
64 A Guidebook for Nighttime Construction: Impacts on Safety, Quality, and Productivity convenient and faster delivery of materials to the jobsite and transport of waste from the site, potentially reducing the overall project cost. In summarizing the situation, the Transportation Research and Development Bureau of the NYSDOT concluded the following (Elrahman 2008)
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From page 65... ...
Cost 65 Equipment Cost Because of the lost production that would result if a critical machine experienced a breakdown during a night shift, contractors often place standby machines on nighttime projects. Machine downtime can also have a more significant loss-of-productivity impact at night due to the unavailability of parts or a replacement rental (Rebholz et al.
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From page 66... ...
66 A Guidebook for Nighttime Construction: Impacts on Safety, Quality, and Productivity over more days. Alternatively, a night schedule with a partial closure might be chosen over a total closure during the day and this could increase the project's duration (Hinze and Carlisle 1990b)
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From page 67... ...
Cost 67 Another factor that may have a negative effect on productivity is the longer setup/take-down times for traffic controls and lighting. A project development process that considers work-zone lighting carefully and minimizes the necessity to re-establish traffic control repeatedly will decrease the cost of nighttime work.
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From page 68... ...
68 A Guidebook for Nighttime Construction: Impacts on Safety, Quality, and Productivity Analysis of Cost Variations for Daytime versus Nighttime Work It is often difficult to determine the true cost difference between daytime and nighttime construction projects because of the bidding and costing processes involved. Most agencies bid projects on a unit-cost basis.
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From page 69... ...
Cost 69 bidders was computed, rather than the price from only the low bidders for each component. As expected, including the high bids tended to increase the cost of each component for nighttime construction.
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From page 70... ...
70 A Guidebook for Nighttime Construction: Impacts on Safety, Quality, and Productivity An important cost driver may be weather conditions, which can limit paving operations. Cooler nighttime temperatures can be better for concrete paving, but low temperatures may limit asphalt paving operations.
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From page 71... ...
Cost 71 Tip Contractors equate risk to dollars. Therefore, to decrease the risk to contractors bidding on nighttime work and, consequently, decrease cost, agencies must be willing to have decision makers available during all work hours; doing so may result in higher agency overhead cost, but much lower bid prices.
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